随着废物向众多河流系统的排放升级,水体的污染通常会上升。鉴于河流抵御污染的能力有限,自我清洁能力有限,废物排放的处理过的污染物必须排放到河流中。尽管提出了许多模型和算法来管理河流水质以达到标准,文学,我们的意识,缺乏水质管理的综合多准则群体决策方法,特别是在河流系统中。因此,这项研究引入了一种新的,Haraz河流域水质管理的综合多准则群体决策,位于伊朗。要做到这一点,流域的水质,一维水质模型,QUAL2Kw,用于模拟和校准沿河水质。模拟结果表明,下游水质违反了水质标准。为了缓解这个问题,评估了废物负荷分配(WLA)的各种方案,包括没有废水处理,初级废水处理,利用活性污泥法(AS)进行高级二级废水处理,并通过膜生物反应器(MBR)方法对废水进行深度处理。利用与理想解相似的偏好排序技术(TOPSIS)和模糊TOPSIS群决策模型,确定了对11PS污染的最佳解决方案是利用活性污泥法进行二次废水处理,同时仍遵守伊朗水质标准。此外,本研究的结果表明,初级废水处理的实施,利用AS先进的二次废水处理,在研究区域内通过MBR对废水进行高级处理,从而显着提高了水质。与未对水处理采取任何措施的条件相比,在各种情况下,这种增强范围为35%至105%。
As waste discharge into numerous river systems escalates, the pollution of water bodies typically rises. Given the limited capacity of rivers to withstand pollution and their constrained self-cleaning capabilities, treated pollutants from waste discharge must be released into the river. Despite numerous models and algorithms proposed for managing river water quality to meet standards, literature, to our awareness, lacks the utilization of a comprehensive multi-criteria group decision-making approach for water quality management, particularly in river systems. Therefore, this research introduces a new, comprehensive multi-criteria group decision-making for the management of water quality in the Haraz River basin, located in Iran. To do so, the water quality of the basin, a one-dimensional water quality model, QUAL2Kw, was employed to simulate and calibrate the water quality along the river. The simulation results revealed that the downstream water quality violates the water quality standards. To mitigate this issue, various scenarios for waste load allocation (WLA) were evaluated, including no wastewater treatment, primary wastewater treatment, advanced secondary wastewater treatment utilizing the activated sludge (AS) method, and advanced wastewater treatment via the membrane bioreactor (MBR) method. Utilizing the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) and Fuzzy TOPSIS group decision-making model, it was determined that the optimal solution was the implementation of secondary wastewater treatment utilizing the activated sludge method for the 11 PS of pollution, while still adhering to Iranian water quality standard. In addition, the findings of the present study indicate that the implementation of primary wastewater treatment, advanced secondary wastewater treatment utilizing AS, and advanced wastewater treatment through MBR within the study area led to a significant enhancement in water quality. This enhancement ranged from 35 to 105% across various scenarios when compared to conditions where no actions were taken to the treatment of water.