类胡萝卜素在美容学中显示出有益的应用,药理学,和医学。然而,海洋环境中的环境压力可以引发独特的次生代谢产物的产生,如类胡萝卜素。这些化合物也可以由共生细菌持续产生。我们假设热带地区的软珊瑚可能会产生多种生物次生代谢产物,包括类胡萝卜素,宿主生物和它们的细菌共生体。独特的类胡萝卜素可以提供有希望的生物活性,如抗氧化剂,UV光保护剂,和抗菌活性。为此,我们分离并表征了从Sinulariasp。的细菌共生体中分离出的类胡萝卜素。,来自潘江岛的软珊瑚,北爪哇海,菌株19.PP.Sc.13.使用16SrRNA区域的DNA条形码进行细菌鉴定。使用分光光度计进行类胡萝卜素的鉴定,高效液相色谱法(HPLC),和衰减全反射傅里叶变换红外(ATR-FTIR)光谱。使用二苯基吡啶酰肼(DPPH)方法估算抗氧化活性,同时基于比色法测定防晒因子(SPF)和红斑和色素沉着的透射%。使用琼脂扩散法对两种多重耐药细菌进行抗菌活性测定。细菌共生体被鉴定为Virgibacillussp。从这种共生体中分离出的类胡萝卜素表现出显著的抗氧化活性和额外的防晒作用,因此归类为UVA防晒霜。此外,分离的类胡萝卜素对耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)和多药耐药(MDR)大肠杆菌具有抗菌活性。这项研究提供了软珊瑚细菌共生体Virgibacillussp产生的类胡萝卜素的证据。,可以用作抗氧化剂,防晒,和抗菌剂。进一步研究Virgibacillussp。从头生物生产类胡萝卜素。是有保证的。
Carotenoids have shown beneficial applications in cosmetology, pharmacology, and medicine. However, environmental stress in the marine environment can trigger the production of unique secondary metabolites, such as carotenoids. These compounds can also be sustainably produced by symbiotic bacteria. We hypothesized that the soft corals in tropical regions may produce diverse biological secondary metabolites, including carotenoids, both by the host organism and their bacterial symbiont. The unique carotenoids may provide promising biological activity such as antioxidant, UV photoprotector, and antibacterial activities. To this end, we isolated and characterized the carotenoids isolated from the bacterial symbiont of Sinularia sp., a soft coral from Panjang Island, North Java Sea, strain 19. PP.Sc.13. Bacterial identification was performed using DNA barcoding of the 16S rRNA region. Identification of carotenoids was carried out using a spectrophotometer, High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), and attenuated total reflection fourier-transformed infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy. The antioxidant activity was estimated using the diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method, while the Sun Protection Factor (SPF) and % transmission of erythema and pigmentation were determined based on colorimetric methods. The antibacterial activity assay was carried out using the agar diffusion method against two multidrug-resistant bacteria. The bacterial symbiont was identified as
Virgibacillus sp. and the carotenoids isolated from this symbiont exhibited significant antioxidant activity and extra sun protection effect, thus categorized as UVA sunblock. Furthermore, the isolated carotenoids exhibited antibacterial activities against Methicillin Resistant-Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Multidrug-resistant (MDR) Escherichia coli. This study provides evidence of the carotenoids produced by the soft coral bacterial symbiont
Virgibacillus sp., which may be used as an antioxidant, sun protection, and antibacterial agent. Further investigation of the de novo biological production of carotenoids by
Virgibacillus sp. is warranted.