COVID-19大流行突显了对高效疫苗平台的需求,该平台可以快速开发和大规模生产,以针对新兴病毒对人群进行免疫接种。病毒载体疫苗是重要的疫苗平台,已被批准用于对抗埃博拉病毒和SARS-CoV-2。新城疫病毒是一种很有前途的病毒载体,作为一种禽类副粘病毒,感染家禽,但在人类和其他动物中使用是安全的。NDV不仅作为溶瘤病毒而且作为人和兽医疫苗的载体被广泛研究。目前正在进行的针对SARS-CoV-2的临床试验。然而,在工艺开发和可扩展制造方面,NDV研究存在差距,这对未来批准的疫苗至关重要。在这次审查中,我们总结了NDV作为病毒载体的优势,描述产生重组NDV构建体的步骤和限制,回顾临床前和临床试验中人类和兽医候选疫苗的进展,并详细阐述了胚胎鸡蛋的生产和细胞培养。主要是,我们从工艺开发的角度讨论了有关NDV传播的现有数据,并为可能实现大规模NDV载体疫苗生产所需的后续步骤提供了前景.
The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the need for efficient vaccine platforms that can rapidly be developed and manufactured on a large scale to immunize the population against emerging viruses. Viral-vectored vaccines are prominent vaccine platforms that have been approved for use against the Ebola virus and SARS-CoV-2. The Newcastle Disease Virus is a promising viral vector, as an avian paramyxovirus that infects poultry but is safe for use in humans and other animals. NDV has been extensively studied not only as an oncolytic virus but also a vector for human and veterinary vaccines, with currently ongoing clinical trials for use against SARS-CoV-2. However, there is a gap in NDV research when it comes to process development and scalable manufacturing, which are critical for future approved vaccines. In this review, we summarize the advantages of NDV as a viral vector, describe the steps and limitations to generating recombinant NDV constructs, review the advances in human and veterinary vaccine candidates in pre-clinical and clinical tests, and elaborate on production in embryonated chicken eggs and cell culture. Mainly, we discuss the existing data on NDV propagation from a process development perspective and provide prospects for the next steps necessary to potentially achieve large-scale NDV-vectored vaccine manufacturing.