背景:为了比较负压封闭引流的临床疗效,蛋壳状清创联合抗生素硫酸钙植入和常规清创联合抗生素硫酸钙植入治疗跟骨骨髓炎。
方法:本研究纳入了2017年1月至2021年8月在我科接受治疗的66例跟骨骨髓炎患者。31例患者接受了VSD和蛋壳状清创联合抗生素硫酸钙植入。35例患者接受了常规清创联合抗生素硫酸钙植入。炎症标志物,操作时间,伤口愈合时间,住院,手术后的全部承重时间,感染复发率,并发症,并比较两组的美国骨科足踝协会(AOFAS)评分。
结果:观察组手术时间和术后完全负重时间均长于对照组。与术前结果比较,WBC,ESR,两组患者术后14dCRP和PCT均显著下降,两组间差异无统计学意义。观察组创面愈合时间、住院时间均短于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组无菌渗出患者4例,对照组无菌渗出患者10例,多次换药后伤口愈合良好。观察组7例患者因骨缺损行二次植骨,对照组4例患者因骨缺损接受二次植骨治疗。在观察组中,3例患者因反复感染再次接受清创联合抗生素硫酸钙植入治疗,与对照组的7例患者相比。手术一年后,观察组AOFAS评分优于对照组,尤其是在足部功能方面(P<0.05)。
结论:与常规清创和抗生素硫酸钙植入相比,VSD和蛋壳样清创联合抗生素硫酸钙植入治疗跟骨骨髓炎可缩短患者伤口愈合和住院时间。降低术后无菌性渗出并发症及感染复发率,更好地保持足部功能,这是一种简单有效的方法。
BACKGROUND: To compare the clinical efficacy of vacuum sealing drainage, eggshell-like debridement combined with antibiotic calcium sulphate implantation and conventional debridement combined with antibiotic calcium sulphate implantation in the treatment of calcaneal osteomyelitis.
METHODS: Sixty-six patients with calcaneal osteomyelitis who were treated in our department between January 2017 and August 2021 were included in this study. Thirty-one patients underwent VSD and eggshell-like debridement combined with antibiotic calcium sulphate implantation. Thirty-five patients underwent conventional debridement combined with antibiotic calcium sulphate implantation. The inflammatory markers, operation time, wound healing time, hospital stay, full weight bearing time after operation, recurrence rate of infection, complications, and American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) scores were compared between the two groups.
RESULTS: The operation time and full weight bearing time after operation of observation group were longer than that of control group. Compared with preoperative results, WBC, ESR, CRP and PCT in both groups were significantly decreased at 14 days after operation, and there was no statistical significance between the two groups. The wound healing time and hospital stay in the observation group were shorter than those in the control group (P < 0.05). There were four patients with aseptic exudation in the observation group and ten patients with aseptic exudation in the control group, and the wounds healed well after multiple dressing changes. Seven patients in the observation group underwent secondary bone grafting due to bone defects, and four patients in the control group received secondary bone grafting due to bone defects. In the observation group, three patients received debridement combined with antibiotic calcium sulphate implantation again due to recurrent infection, compared with seven patients in the control group. One year after operation, the observation group had a better AOFAS scores than the control group, especially in terms of foot function (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: Compared with conventional debridement and antibiotic calcium sulphate implantation, VSD and eggshell-like debridement combined with antibiotic calcium sulphate implantation in the treatment of calcaneal osteomyelitis can shorten the wound healing and hospital stay of patients, reduce postoperative aseptic exudation complications and infection recurrence rate, and better preserve the foot function, which is a simple and effective method.