非均相催化剂中的空位缺陷在过硫酸盐(PS)活化中受到广泛关注。空位缺陷可以调节金属氧化物的电子结构并产生不饱和配位位点。同时,优化了反应物在催化剂表面的吸附能。因此,催化剂和PS之间的反应能障降低,能促进催化活化,加速污染物降解。如今,氧空位(OV),氮空位(NV),硫空位(SV),硒空位(SeV)和钛空位(TiV)已被广泛研究,具有巨大的水修复潜力。到目前为止,没有关于空缺激活的过硫酸盐系统的审查报告。本文总结了类型,准备,系统地研究了PS系统中空缺的机制和应用。此外,我们提出了PS活化系统中空置工程的可能发展。预计这篇综述将有助于PS活化和污染物去除催化剂中空位的可控合成和应用。
The vacancy defects in heterogeneous catalysts have received extensive attention for persulfate (PS) activation. Vacancy defects can tune the electronic structure of metal oxides and generate unsaturated coordination sites. Meanwhile, the adsorption energy of reactants on catalyst surface is optimized. Thereby, the reaction energy barrier between catalysts and PS decreases, which could promote catalytic activation and accelerate pollutants degradation. Nowadays, oxygen vacancy (OV), nitrogen vacancy (NV), sulfur vacancy (SV), selenium vacancy (SeV) and titanium vacancy (TiV) have been widely studied with great potential for water remediation. So far, no review was reported regarding the vacancy activated persulfate systems. This paper summarized the types, preparation, mechanism and applications of vacancy in PS systems systematically. In addition, we put forward possible development of vacancy engineering in PS activation systems. It is expected that this review will contribute to the controllable synthesis and applications of vacancies in catalysts for PS activation and contaminants removal.