2型糖尿病（T2D）是一种慢性代谢性疾病，占糖尿病患者的90％以上。其主要特征是由于胰岛素抵抗或胰岛素缺乏引起的高血糖。随着饮食和生活习惯的改变，近几十年来，青少年T2D的发病率已经爆发。暴露于环境污染物的恶化进一步加剧了T2D的流行，因此，它带来了巨大的经济负担。因此,早期预防和对症治疗对于预防糖尿病并发症至关重要。T2D患者的线粒体数量和电子传递链活性降低。电压依赖性阴离子通道1(VDAC1),作为线粒体外膜上的关键通道蛋白，调节线粒体和其他细胞成分之间的信号转导，参与各种生物过程。当VDAC1以寡聚形式存在时，它还促进大分子进出线粒体，调节胰岛素分泌。我们总结并强调了VDAC1和T2D之间的相互作用，特别是在与环境污染物相关的T2D中，阐明靶向VDAC1单体和寡聚体的潜在治疗意义，为T2D的治疗提供了新的可能靶点。
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a chronic metabolic disease that accounts for more than 90% of diabetic patients. Its main feature is hyperglycemia due to insulin resistance or insulin deficiency. With changes in diet and lifestyle habits, the incidence of T2D in adolescents has burst in recent decades. The deterioration in the exposure to the environmental pollutants further aggravates the prevalence of T2D, and consequently, it imposes a significant economic burden. Therefore, early prevention and symptomatic treatment are essential to prevent diabetic complications. Mitochondrial number and electron transport chain activity are decreased in the patients with T2D. Voltage-Dependent Anion Channel 1 (VDAC1), as a crucial channel protein on the outer membrane of mitochondria, regulates signal transduction between mitochondria and other cellular components, participating in various biological processes. When VDAC1 exists in oligomeric form, it additionally facilitates the entry and exit of macromolecules into and from mitochondria, modulating insulin secretion. We summarize and highlight the interplay between VDAC1 and T2D, especially in the environmental pollutants-related T2D, shed light on the potential therapeutic implications of targeting VDAC1 monomers and oligomers, providing a new possible target for the treatment of T2D.
