未经评估:关于多动症的文献最近取得了长足的进步,因为大量的新数据正在通过无数的论文涌入。这里,作者试图概述多动症实践中不断变化的范式。重点介绍了DSM-5关于类型学和诊断标准的变化。共病概述,协会,发展轨迹,并概述了整个生命周期的综合征连续性。简要讨论了有关病因和诊断工具的最新见解。还描述了管道中的新药物。
未经批准:EMBASE,OvidMEDLINE,PubMed,Scopus,WebofScience,和Cochrane系统评价数据库搜索所有相关的更新在多动症文献截至6月,2022年。
未经评估:DSM-5改变了ADHD的诊断标准。其中包括用演示文稿替换类型,把年龄推到12岁,纳入成人诊断标准。同样,DSM-5现在允许诊断并发ADHD和ASD。ADHD与过敏的关联,肥胖,睡眠障碍,and,在最近的文献中已经证明了癫痫。引起ADHD的神经回路已扩展到额叶纹状体以外,包括CTC和DMN,这说明了ADHD的异质性。NEBA被FDA批准用于区分ADHD和多动性ID。用于解决ADHD行为方面的非典型抗精神病药正在增加,没有坚实的证据基础。α-2激动剂是FDA批准的单一疗法或兴奋剂的辅助疗法。药物遗传学测试很容易用于ADHD。不同的兴奋剂配方在市场上比比皆是,扩大了临床医生的储备。在最近的研究中,与刺激相关的焦虑和抽动的恶化受到了挑战。正在开发的ADHD药物包括达索曲林,阿莫达非尼,替匹啶,二伏西汀,美他多辛,还有美金刚.
UNASSIGNED:关于ADHD的文献不断扩展,以提高我们对这种常见的神经发育障碍的复杂和异质复杂性的理解,从而为如何最好地管理其多样化的认知提供更好的决策,行为,社会和医学方面。
Literature on ADHD has taken long strides recently as heaps of new data are pouring in through countless papers. Here, authors try to outline changing paradigms in ADHD practice. DSM-5 changes regarding the typology and diagnostic criteria are highlighted. Overview of co-morbidities, associations, developmental trajectories, and syndromic continuity across lifespan is outlined. Recent insights into aetiology and diagnostic tools are briefly discussed. New medications in the pipeline are also described.
EMBASE, Ovid MEDLINE, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Database of Systemic Reviews were searched for all relevant
updates in ADHD literature as of June, 2022.
DSM-5 brought about changes to the diagnostic criteria of ADHD. These included replacing types with presentations, pushing age to 12, and, incorporating adult diagnostic criteria. In the same vein, DSM-5 allows now for diagnosing concurrent ADHD and ASD. Associations of ADHD to allergy, obesity, sleep disorders, and, epilepsy have been demonstrated in recent literature. Neurocircuity underlying ADHD has been extended beyond frontal-striatal to include CTC as well as DMN accounting for ADHD heterogeneity. NEBA was FDA-approved to differentiate ADHD from hyperkinetic ID. Atypical antipsychotics use to address behavioural facets in ADHD is on the rise with no solid evidence-base. α-2 agonists are FDA-approved as monotherapy or adjunctive to stimulants. Pharmacogenetic testing is readily available for ADHD. Different formulations of stimulants abound on the market widening clinicians\' repertoire. Stimulant-related exacerbation of anxiety and tics were challenged in recent studies. Drugs for ADHD in the pipeline include-dasotraline, armodafinil, tipepidine, edivoxetine, metadoxine, and memantine.
Literature on ADHD keeps expanding towards advancing our understanding of the complex and heterogeneous intricacies of this commonplace neurodevelopmental disorder and hence informing better decisions on how best to manage its diverse cognitive, behavioural, social and medical facets.