疟疾仍然是导致死亡和发病的主要原因之一,尤其是儿童和孕妇。长期使用杀虫剂网(LLINs)已被视为加纳预防疟疾的主要干预措施,并被列为优先事项。本研究旨在确定影响加纳LIN普遍覆盖和利用的因素。
本研究使用的数据来自一项横断面调查,该调查旨在评估2018年10月至2019年2月加纳10个老地区中9个地区的LLINs所有权和使用情况,这些地区实施了免费的LLIN分发干预措施。EPI“30×7”整群抽样方法(三阶段抽样设计)修改为“15×14”并用于研究。来自42个地区的9,977户家庭接受了采访。使用百分比进行描述性统计,并使用简单和多变量逻辑回归对关联进行Pearson卡方和关联大小的检验。
■在研究中的9,977户家庭中,88.0%的人至少拥有一个LLIN,全民覆盖率为75.6%,而至少有一个LLIN的家庭的利用率为65.6%。在农村和城市,90.8%和83.2%的家庭,分别,至少有一个LIN。与城市地区相比,农村地区LLINs的普遍覆盖率增加了44%(AOR:1.44,95%CI:1.02-2.02)。如果他们从PMD获得LLIN,则有29个更高的家庭被普遍覆盖的可能性(AOR:29.43,95%CI:24.21-35.79)。有五岁以下儿童的家庭使用LLIN的可能性增加了40%(AOR:1.40,95%CI:1.26-1.56)。普遍覆盖LLIN的受访者使用蚊帐的几率增加了25%(AOR:1.2595%CI:1.06-1.48)。农村住宅影响LLIN利用,因此,与城市地区相比,农村地区的家庭使用LLINs约增加了4倍(AOR:3.78,95%CI:2.73-5.24)。家庭规模超过2的人使用LLINs的几率很高,并且意识到LLINs的好处(AOR:1.42,95%CI:1.18-1.71)。
■加纳十分之九的家庭至少可以使用一个LLIN,四分之三的人有全民覆盖,超过三分之二的家庭使用LLIN。全民覆盖的预测因素包括居住地区,农村居民,和PMD运动,而有五岁以下儿童的家庭,在农村地区,与全民覆盖呈正相关。
Malaria continues to be one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity, especially among children and pregnant women. The use of Long-Lasting Insecticide Nets (LLINs) has been recognized and prioritized as a major intervention for malaria prevention in Ghana. This study aims to establish the factors influencing the universal coverage and utilization of LLINs in Ghana.
The data used for this study was from a cross-sectional survey carried out to assess LLINs ownership and use in 9 out of the 10 old regions of Ghana from October 2018 to February 2019 where free LLIN distribution interventions were implemented. The EPI \"30 × 7\" cluster sampling method (three-stage sampling design) was modified to \"15 × 14\" and used for the study. A total of 9,977 households were interviewed from 42 districts. Descriptive statistics using percentages as well as tests of associations such as Pearson Chi-square and the magnitude of the associations using simple and multivariable logistic regression were implemented.
Of the 9,977 households in the study, 88.0% of them owned at least one LLIN, universal coverage was 75.6%, while utilization was 65.6% among households with at least one LLIN. In the rural and urban areas, 90.8% and 83.2% of households, respectively, owned at least one LLIN. The was a 44% increase in universal coverage of LLINs in rural areas compared to urban areas (AOR: 1.44, 95% CI: 1.02-2.02). There were 29 higher odds of households being universally covered if they received LLIN from the PMD (AOR: 29.43, 95% CI: 24.21-35.79). Households with under-five children were 40% more likely to utilize LLIN (AOR: 1.40, 95% CI: 1.26-1.56). Respondents with universal coverage of LLIN had 25% increased odds of using nets (AOR: 1.25 95% CI: 1.06-1.48). Rural dwelling influences LLIN utilization, thus there was about 4-fold increase in household utilization of LLINs in rural areas compared to urban areas (AOR: 3.78, 95% CI: 2.73-5.24). Household size of more than 2 has high odds of LLINs utilization and awareness of the benefit of LLINs (AOR: 1.42, 95% CI: 1.18-1.71).
About nine in 10 households in Ghana have access at least to one LLIN, three-quarters had universal coverage, and over two-thirds of households with access used LLIN. The predictors of universal coverage included region of residence, rural dwellers, and PMD campaign, while households with child under-five, in rural areas, and with universal coverage were positively associated with utilization.