背景:许多国家的青少年饮酒量一直在下降,年轻人群的禁欲率也在增加。一系列社会人口统计学变量和人格特质与饮酒有关;然而,目前还没有研究表明,随着青少年饮酒减少,人格与饮酒之间的关系是否随着时间的推移而发生变化.
方法:来自15至17岁受访者的数据来自澳大利亚一项长期队列研究的四个波(2004/2005、2008/2009、2012/2013、2016/2017)。使用具有交互项的Logistic回归分析来确定人格特质(开放性,尽责,外向,随和和和情绪稳定)和社会人口统计学变量(年龄,性别,等值收入,家庭结构,文化背景,学校出勤率和区域性)在饮酒者和戒酒者之间存在显着差异,以及这些关系是否在队列中发生变化。
结果:在每次调查中,15至17岁青少年的饮酒患病率从2004/2005年的54%显着下降到2016/2017年的24%。责任心(优势比[OR]0.82,置信区间[CI]=0.73,0.93),外向性([OR]1.25,[CI]=1.11,1.40)和情绪稳定性([OR]0.73,[CI]=0.64,0.83)均为饮酒的显著预测因子。没有发现队列与人格特质或社会人口统计学变量之间的显着相互作用。
结论:研究发现没有证据表明青少年饮酒与人格之间的关系发生了变化。同样,饮酒的社会人口统计学关系稳定,因为饮酒患病率下降了一半以上.这增加了证据,表明青少年饮酒减少广泛分布在人群中,而不是集中在可识别的年轻人亚组中。
BACKGROUND: Adolescent alcohol consumption has been declining across many countries, with rates of abstinence also increasing among younger cohorts. A range of socio-demographic variables and personality traits are associated with alcohol use; however, no study has examined whether the relationship between personality and drinking has changed over time as adolescent drinking has declined.
METHODS: Data from 15- to 17-year-old respondents were extracted from four waves (2004/2005, 2008/2009, 2012/2013, 2016/2017) of a long running Australian cohort study. Logistic regression analyses with interaction terms were used to determine whether personality traits (openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness and emotional stability) and socio-demographic variables (age, gender, equivalised income, family structure, cultural background, school attendance and regionality) significantly differed between drinkers and abstainers and whether these relationships changed across cohorts.
RESULTS: The prevalence of drinking for 15- to 17-year-olds significantly declined over each survey wave from 54% in 2004/2005 to 24% in 2016/2017. Conscientiousness (odds ratio [OR] 0.82, confidence interval [CI] = 0.73, 0.93), extraversion ([OR] 1.25, [CI] = 1.11, 1.40) and emotional stability ([OR] 0.73, [CI] = 0.64, 0.83) were all significant predictors of alcohol consumption. No significant interactions between cohort and personality traits or socio-demographic variables were found.
CONCLUSIONS: The study found no evidence to indicate that the relationship between adolescent alcohol consumption and personality has changed. Similarly, socio-demographic relationships with drinking were stable as drinking prevalence dropped by more than half. This adds to the evidence that drinking declines among adolescents are spread broadly across the population and not concentrated within identifiable sub-groups of young people.