背景:目前,尚未获得20-40妊娠期间胎儿的正常超声数据作为胎儿生长发育的参考。如果存在这样的超声数据用于产前诊断可能的疾病和异常,新生儿出生后就能得到及时治疗。因此,进行这项研究以获得20-40周妊娠期间正常胎儿的超声参数以及超声参数随孕龄的分布,以检测潜在的胎儿疾病和异常。
方法:纳入没有任何异常的正常胎儿,和一般生物学的超声参数,动脉,测量和分析主动脉。
结果:纳入417例正常胎儿。收缩期峰值速度/舒张期峰值速度(S/D)与胎龄呈显著负相关(P<0.05),脐动脉(UA)的搏动指数(PI)和阻力指数(RI)。在胎儿体重百分比中检测到与胎龄相对稳定的关系,S/D,大脑中动脉(MCA)的PI和RI,腹内UA的收缩期峰值速度(PSV)和速度时间积分(VTI),胎儿心脏与胸部的比例,二尖瓣(MV)-和三尖瓣(TV)-E/A峰值流速,主动脉峡部Z评分和位移,头臂动脉-左颈总动脉(BA-LCCA)和LCCA-左锁骨下动脉(LSA)之间的距离,主动脉Z评分,升主动脉(AAO),肺动脉(PA),主肺动脉(MPA),和降主动脉(DAO)。胎儿生物学数据与孕龄呈显著正相关(P<0.05),MCAPSV和VTI,自由UAPSV和VTI和心胸比率,心脏参数,动脉导管(DA)和峡部直径,主动脉参数,PA和MPA直径,MPAPSV和VTI,峡部流量和速度以及PA流量,DA和BA参数,以及LCCA和LSA参数(流量,PSV,和VTI)。
结论:正常胎儿的超声参数具有一定的相关性和分布趋势,不同参数之间的比值保持相对稳定。这些发现可用于确定产前超声扫描中胎儿的异常生长。
BACKGROUND: Currently, no normal ultrasound data of the fetuses during the 20-40 gestation have been obtained for references of fetal growth and development. If such ultrasound data existed for prenatal diagnosis of possible diseases and abnormalities, neonates would be able to get timely treatment immediately after birth. This study was thus performed to obtain ultrasound parameters of normal fetuses during the 20-40 week gestation and the distribution of ultrasound parameters with the gestational age for references of detecting potential fetal diseases and abnormalities.
METHODS: Normal fetuses without any abnormalities were enrolled, and the ultrasound parameters of the general biology, arteries, and aorta were measured and analyzed.
RESULTS: 417 normal fetuses were enrolled. A significant (P < 0.05) negative correlation with the gestational age was detected in the peak systolic velocity/peak diastolic velocity (S/D), pulsatility index (PI) and resistance index (RI) of the umbilical artery (UA). A relatively stable relationship with the gestational age was detected in the fetal weight%, S/D, PI and RI of the middle cerebral artery (MCA), peak systolic velocity (PSV) and velocity time integral (VTI) of the intra-abdominal UA, fetal heart to chest ratio, mitral valve (MV)- and tricuspid valve (TV)-E/A peak flow velocity, aortic isthmic Z-score and displacement, distance between the brachiocephalic artery-left common carotid artery (BA-LCCA) and LCCA-left subclavian artery (LSA), Z-score of aorta, ascending aorta (AAO), pulmonary artery (PA), main pulmonary artery (MPA), and descending aorta (DAO). A significant (P < 0.05) positive correlation with the gestational age was detected in the fetal biological data, MCA PSV and VTI, free-UA PSV and VTI and cardio-thoracic ratio, cardiac parameters, ductus arteriosus (DA) and isthmus diameter, aortic parameters, PA and MPA diameter, MPA PSV and VTI, isthmus flow volume and velocity and PA flow volume, DA and BA parameters, and LCCA and LSA parameters (flow volume, PSV, and VTI).
CONCLUSIONS: A certain correlation and distribution trend is detected in the ultrasound parameters of normal fetuses, and the ratios among different parameters remain relative stable. These findings can be used for determination of abnormal growth of the fetuses in prenatal ultrasound scan.