语音手势的一个微妙属性是它们在空间和时间上延伸的事实,这意味着语音对比是使用空间扩展的收缩来表达的,并且有一个有限的持续时间。本文展示了声道的这种时空特征,为了语言信号的目的,来了。有人认为,地形组织的微观单元之间的局部均匀计算可以收缩或放松声带的各个点,从而产生我们称为收缩的全球时空宏观结构,语音对比的轨迹。动力学过程是一个形态发生过程,基于数学物理和生物学的图灵和霍普夫模式。表明,反应扩散方程,它们在教程数学风格中介绍,同时图灵和霍普夫模式预测时空粒子,以及语音手势的具体属性,即收缩的旋转,以及与峰值速度成比例的时间的中间值,这是经过充分研究和观察的。本文的目标是促进伯恩斯坦的程序理解电机过程的出现,因为低自由度描述从高自由度系统的实际指向特定的,预测性,从反应扩散形态发生过程中产生语音手势的动力学。
A subtle property of speech gestures is the fact that they are spatially and temporally extended, meaning that phonological contrasts are expressed using spatially extended constrictions, and have a finite duration. This paper shows how this spatiotemporal particulation of the vocal tract, for the purpose of linguistic signaling, comes about. It is argued that local uniform computations among topographically organized microscopic units that either constrict or relax individual points of the vocal tract yield the global spatiotemporal macroscopic structures we call constrictions, the locus of phonological contrast. The dynamical process is a morphogenetic one, based on the Turing and Hopf patterns of mathematical physics and biology. It is shown that reaction-diffusion equations, which are introduced in a tutorial mathematical style, with simultaneous Turing and Hopf patterns predict the spatiotemporal particulation, as well as concrete properties of speech gestures, namely the pivoting of constrictions, as well as the intermediate value of proportional time to peak velocity, which is well-studied and observed. The goal of the paper is to contribute to Bernstein\'s program of understanding motor processes as the emergence of low degree of freedom descriptions from high degree of freedom systems by actually pointing to specific, predictive, dynamics that yield speech gestures from a reaction-diffusion morphogenetic process.