冰雹,以它们的强度为特征,经常伴随着强风和大雨,构成巨大的破坏性潜力。数据表明,冰雹给建筑物造成的经济损失,特别是太阳能电池板,每年都在增加。然而,对光伏板的耐冰雹性的研究主要集中在冰雹冲击和风荷载的孤立影响上,忽略风和冰雹之间的耦合效应。在这项研究中,设计了一种既能耦合风又能耦合冰雹的装置。湍流的影响,冰雹大小,系统研究和量化了速度对冰雹冲击行为的影响。建立了冰雹冲击结构峰值荷载的预测公式。结果表明,湍流对冰雹的影响是显著的。当湍流强度随冰雹速度变化时,冰雹冲击力随着湍流的减少和冰雹速度的增加而增加。当湍流和冰雹直径都变化时,较小的冰雹的冲击力随着湍流的增加而变化较小。根据方差分析,冰雹速度是影响冰雹影响的最重要因素,接着是冰雹直径,最后是湍流。回归方程由F=-0.624Iu+5116.25D+7.85V冰雹-259.709给出,其中F代表以牛顿(N)为单位的峰值冲击力,Iu表示湍流强度,D是冰雹直径,单位为米(m),并且V冰雹是以米每秒(m/s)为单位的冰雹速度。
Hailstorms, characterized by their intensity, are often accompanied by strong winds and heavy rain, posing significant destructive potential. Data indicate that the economic losses caused by hail to buildings, particularly solar panels, have been increasing annually. However, research on the hail resistance of photovoltaic panels has predominantly focused on the isolated effects of hail impacts and wind loads, neglecting the coupling effects between wind and hail. In this study, a device was designed to couple both wind and hail. The effects of
turbulence, hail size, and velocity on hail impact behavior were systematically studied and quantified. A predictive formula for the peak load of hail impact on structures was established. The results indicate that the impact of
turbulence on hail is significant. When
turbulence intensity varies with hail velocity, hail impact force increases as
turbulence decreases and hail velocity increases. When both
turbulence and hail diameter vary, the impact force of smaller hailstones shows less variation with increasing
turbulence. According to variance analysis, hail velocity is the most significant factor affecting hail impact, followed by hail diameter and finally turbulence. The regression equation is given by F = - 0.624 I u + 5116.25 D + 7.85 V hail - 259.709 , where F represents the peak impact force in Newtons (N), I u denotes the turbulence intensity, D is the hail diameter in meters (m), and V hail is the hail velocity in meters per second (m/s).