FurciferaSogatellafurcifera(Horváth)(同翅目:Delphacidae)是一种白背飞虱(WBPH),会在水稻中引起“料斗燃烧”,导致严重的产量损失。γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)是一种众所周知的神经递质,通过与特定受体结合来抑制昆虫的神经传递。在这项研究中,我们研究了GABA在调节水稻对WBPH的抗性中的潜在作用,并评估了可能的防御机制。实验是在温室中的盆中进行的,由四组组成:对照组,GABA处理,WBPH感染,和用GABA处理的WBPH感染。在GABA的各种测试浓度中,将15mMGABA作为在水中的单一处理施加。在WBPH侵染前一周给予治疗。结果表明,15mMGABA处理强烈增加了WBPH抗性。基于平板的测定表明,直接施用15mMGABA会增加水稻植株中WBPH的死亡率并增加损害恢复率。我们发现GABA处理增加了抗氧化酶的活化,降低了活性氧含量和丙二醛含量,并降低了WBPH造成的损坏率。有趣的是,用WBPH感染的补充GABA的植物表现出增加的苯丙氨酸解氨酶和发病相关(PR)基因表达水平。在WBPH胁迫期间,GABA诱导了脱落酸(ABA)和水杨酸(SA)的积累,并增强了气孔的闭合并减少了叶片血管,从而降低了水分传导。此外,我们发现GABA应用于植物诱导茉莉酸(JA)生物合成基因(LOX,AOS,AOC,和OPR)和褪黑激素生物合成相关基因(TDC,T5H,ASMT,和SNAT)。我们的研究表明,GABA通过调节抗氧化防御系统来增加对WBPH侵染的抗性,TCA循环调节,植物激素信号,和PR基因调控。
The Sogatella furcifera (Horváth) (Homoptera: Delphacidae) is a white-backed planthopper (WBPH) that causes \"hopper burn\" in rice, resulting in severe yield loss. Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a well-known neurotransmitter that inhibits neurotransmission in insects by binding to specific receptors. In this study, we investigated the potential role of GABA in modulating rice resistance to WBPH and evaluated possible defense mechanisms. The experiment was conducted in green house in pots consist of four groups: control, GABA-treated, WBPH-infested, and WBPH-infested treated with GABA. Among the various tested concentration of GABA, 15 mM GABA was applied as a single treatment in water. The treatment was administered one week before WBPH infestation. The results revealed that 15 mM GABA treatment strongly increased WBPH resistance. A plate-based assay indicated that direct application of 15 mM GABA increased the mortality rate of WBPH and increased the damage recovery rate in rice plants. We found that GABA treatment increased the activation of antioxidant enzymes and reduced the reactive oxygen species content and malondialdehyde contents, and reduced the damage rate caused by WBPH. Interestingly, GABA-supplemented plants infested with WBPH exhibited increased phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and pathogenesis-related (PR) genes expression levels. GABA induced the accumulation of abscisic acid (ABA) and salicylic acid (SA) and enhanced the stomata closure and reduced leaf vessels to reduce water conductance during WBPH stress. Furthermore, we found that GABA application to the plant induced the expression of Jasmonic acid (JA) biosynthesis genes (LOX, AOS, AOC, and OPR) and melatonin biosynthesis-related genes (TDC, T5H, ASMT, and SNAT). Our study suggested that GABA increases resistance against WBPH infestation by regulating antioxidant defense system, TCA cycle regulation, phytohormonal signaling, and PR gene regulation.