斑马鱼(Daniorerio)已成为研究心血管和代谢性疾病的一种受欢迎的多功能模型生物,为基础研究和药物发现提供独特的优势。斑马鱼和人类之间的遗传保守性及其高繁殖力和透明的胚胎允许有效的大规模遗传和药物导向的筛选研究。斑马鱼拥有简化的心血管系统,与哺乳动物有相似之处,使它们特别适合对心脏发育的各个方面进行建模,函数,和疾病。斑马鱼胚胎的透明度使心血管动力学的实时可视化,提供对早期胚胎事件的见解,并促进心脏相关异常的研究。在代谢研究中,斑马鱼为肥胖建模提供了一个具有成本效益的平台,2型糖尿病,高脂血症,和其他代谢紊乱。它们的高繁殖率允许生成大型队列以进行可靠的统计分析,虽然先进的遗传工具,例如CRISPR/Cas9,能够进行精确的基因编辑,以模拟与人类疾病相关的特定基因突变。斑马鱼代谢模型在阐明代谢性疾病的分子机制方面发挥了重要作用。研究环境因素的影响,并确定潜在的治疗靶点。此外,斑马鱼胚胎对小分子的渗透性有助于药物发现和筛选,提供了一种快速和经济的方法来识别具有治疗潜力的化合物。总之,斑马鱼心血管和代谢性疾病模型继续对我们对疾病发病机理的认识做出显著贡献,为转化研究和开发新的治疗干预提供平台。多功能性,可扩展性,斑马鱼的遗传可操纵性将它们定位为揭开心血管和代谢疾病复杂性的宝贵资产。这篇综述概述了斑马鱼模型的关键特征以及对研究心血管和代谢紊乱的贡献。我们讨论了使用斑马鱼模型研究人类疾病的利弊,以及迄今为止这一努力的进展所揭示的关键发现。
The zebrafish (Danio rerio) has emerged as an appreciated and versatile model organism for studying cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, offering unique advantages for both basic research and drug discovery. The genetic conservation between zebrafish and humans and their high fecundity and transparent embryos allow for efficient large-scale genetic and drug-oriented screening studies. Zebrafish possess a simplified cardiovascular system that shares similarities with mammals, making them particularly suitable for modeling various aspects of heart development, function, and disease. The transparency of zebrafish embryos enables the real-time visualization of cardiovascular dynamics, offering insights into early embryonic events and facilitating the study of heart-related anomalies. In metabolic research, zebrafish provide a cost-effective platform for modeling obesity, type 2 diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and other metabolic disorders. Their high reproductive rate allows for the generation of large cohorts for robust statistical analyses, while advanced genetic tools, such as CRISPR/Cas9, enable precise gene editing with which to model specific genetic mutations associated with human diseases. Zebrafish metabolic models have been instrumental in elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying metabolic diseases, studying the effects of environmental factors, and identifying potential therapeutic targets. Additionally, the permeability of zebrafish embryos to small molecules facilitates drug discovery and screening, offering a rapid and economical approach to identifying compounds with therapeutic potential. In conclusion, zebrafish cardiovascular and metabolic disease models continue to contribute significantly to our perception of disease pathogenesis, providing a platform for translational research and developing novel therapeutic interventions. The versatility, scalability, and genetic manipulability of zebrafish position them as an invaluable asset in unraveling the complexities of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. This review presents an overview of the zebrafish model\'s key features and contributions to investigating cardiovascular and metabolic disorders. We discuss the benefits and drawbacks of using zebrafish models to study human disease and the critical findings revealed by the progress in this endeavor to date.