蜘蛛毒液是多种生物分子的天然来源,但由于技术限制,只研究了一小部分。随着组学技术的进步,对蜘蛛毒液的研究已经扩大,极大地促进了蜘蛛毒液的系统研究。Agelenalimbata是在植被中发现的常见蜘蛛,以构造漏斗形腹板而闻名,以双翅目和同翅目等昆虫为食。然而,由于其体积小,难以获得毒液,Agelenalimbata毒液的成分从未被研究过。在这项研究中,转录组学方法用于分析Agelenalimbata毒液中的毒素成分,从而鉴定出28种新的毒素样序列和24种肽酶。基于半胱氨酸基序的序列相似性和差异,28种新的毒素样序列被分为10个超家族。根据数据库中的结果注释,24个肽酶被分成6个不同的家族,丝氨酸蛋白酶家族是最常见的。使用Agelenalimbata的毒素样序列以及Psechrus三角和Hippasalycosina构建了系统发育树。还对Agelenalimbata的结构域和基序进行了分析。结果表明,Agelenalimbata与其他两种漏斗网蜘蛛的亲缘关系更远,毒素超家族IX与其他超家族相比具有独特的功能。这项研究揭示了Agelenalimbata毒液的成分,加深我们对它的理解,通过生物信息学分析,已经确定了毒素超家族的独特功能,为今后开发生物活性药物提供科学依据。
Spider venom is a natural source of diverse biomolecules, but due to technical limitations, only a small fraction has been studied. With the advancement of omics technologies, research on spider venom has broadened, greatly promoting systematic studies of spider venom. Agelena limbata is a common spider found in vegetation, known for constructing funnel-shaped webs, and feeding on insects such as Diptera and Homoptera. However, due to its small size and the difficulty in obtaining venom, the composition of Agelena limbata venom has never been studied. In this study, a transcriptomics approach was used to analyze the
toxin components in the venom of Agelena limbata, resulting in the identification of 28 novel
toxin-like sequences and 24 peptidases. Based on sequence similarity and differences in cysteine motifs, the 28-novel
toxin-like sequences were classified into 10 superfamilies. According to the results annotated in the database, the 24 peptidases were divided into six distinct families, with the serine protease family being the most common. A phylogenetic tree was constructed using the
toxin-like sequences of Agelena limbata along with Psechrus triangulus and Hippasa lycosina. An analysis of the structural domains and motifs of Agelena limbata was also conducted. The results indicated that Agelena limbata is more distantly related to the other two species of funnel-web spiders, and that the toxin superfamily IX has a unique function compared to the other superfamilies. This study reveals the components of the Agelena limbata venom, deepening our understanding of it, and through bioinformatics analysis, has identified unique functions of the
toxin superfamilies, providing a scientific basis for the development of bioactive drugs in the future.