背景:细胞外囊泡(EV)可以介导细胞与细胞的通讯,并影响亲代和受体细胞的各种生理和病理过程。目前,广泛的研究集中在源自细胞培养物和各种体液的EV上。然而,对源自组织的EV的关注不足。组织EV可以反映特定组织的微环境和不同细胞之间的通讯串扰,可以为了解疾病的发展和进展提供更准确、更全面的信息。
方法:我们回顾了组织EV分离和纯化的最新技术。然后,介绍了组织EVs在肿瘤发生发展机制中的最新研究进展。最后,组织EV在癌症临床诊断和治疗中的应用值得期待。
结果:我们评估了各种组织处理和EV分离方法的优缺点,并随后分析蛋白质表征在确定组织EV纯度中的意义。此外,我们专注于概述源自肿瘤和脂肪组织的电动汽车在肿瘤发生和发展中的重要性,以及它们在早期肿瘤诊断中的潜在应用,预后,和治疗。
结论:当分离和表征组织EV时,需要根据不同组织的特点指定最合适的方案.组织电动汽车在诊断中很有价值,预后,和肿瘤的治疗,与组织EV相关的潜在风险需要考虑作为治疗药物。
BACKGROUND: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) can mediate cell-to-cell communication and affect various physiological and pathological processes in both parent and recipient cells. Currently, extensive research has focused on the EVs derived from cell cultures and various body fluids. However, insufficient attention has been paid to the EVs derived from tissues. Tissue EVs can reflect the microenvironment of the specific tissue and the cross-talk of communication among different cells, which can provide more accurate and comprehensive information for understanding the development and progression of diseases.
METHODS: We review the state-of-the-art technologies involved in the isolation and purification of tissue EVs. Then, the latest research progress of tissue EVs in the mechanism of tumor occurrence and development is presented. And finally, the application of tissue EVs in the clinical diagnosis and treatment of cancer is anticipated.
RESULTS: We evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of various tissue processing and EVs isolation methods, and subsequently analyze the significance of protein characterization in determining the purity of tissue EVs. Furthermore, we focus on outlining the importance of EVs derived from tumor and adipose tissues in tumorigenesis and development, as well as their potential applications in early tumor diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment.
CONCLUSIONS: When isolating and characterizing tissue EVs, the most appropriate protocol needs to be specified based on the characteristics of different tissues. Tissue EVs are valuable in the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of tumors, and the potential risks associated with tissue EVs need to be considered as therapeutic agents.