■孵化条件的管理会影响胚胎发育,孵化率,和舱口后性能。本研究旨在研究胚胎发育过程中热操纵(TM)对公鸡耐热性的影响,抗氧化活性,豁免权,热应激条件下的精液质量。
■1200个受精卵在两组之间均匀分布,每个包含三个重复(200个鸡蛋/重复)。第一组(G1)在18天的潜伏期内保持在具有37.5°C的一致温度和55%的相对湿度(RH)的商业setter中,作为一个控制,而第二组(G2)经历了这些情况,直到第11天。从第12天到第18天,每天将卵在39.5°C和60%RH下孵育4小时。从第19天到第22天,两组均保持一致的温度为37.2°C,RH为70%。每个治疗组200只孵化的雄性小鸡被移入封闭系统的房屋。所有公鸡在其第36周龄至第40周龄之间每天暴露于温度为35°C和湿度为70%的6小时的热量挑战中。
■暴露于热挑战的G2公鸡在多种血液生化方面表现出改善(p≤0.05),抗氧化剂,和免疫标记,包括总蛋白质,球蛋白,天冬氨酸转氨酶,丙氨酸氨基转移酶,三碘甲状腺原氨酸,甲状腺素,皮质酮,睾丸激素,总抗氧化能力,丙二醛,免疫球蛋白G,免疫球蛋白M,免疫球蛋白A水平.改善精液质量特性,包括射精量,精子浓度,运动性,宜居性,和质量因素,以及增强孵化后公鸡的体温调节,也实现了(p≤0.05)。
■为了提高抗氧化活性,豁免权,耐热性,和热应激条件下公鸡的精液参数,鸡蛋孵化过程中的TM应用,特别是在12-18天,是推荐的。
UNASSIGNED: The management of incubation conditions impacts embryonic development, hatchability, and post-hatch performance. This study aimed to examine the effects of thermal manipulation (TM) during embryonic development on roosters\'
thermotolerance, antioxidant activity, immunity, and semen quality under heat-stress conditions.
UNASSIGNED: 1200 fertile eggs were distributed evenly between two groups, each containing three replicates (200 eggs/replicate). The first group (G1) was held in the commercial setter with a consistent temperature of 37.5°C and 55% relative humidity (RH) through the 18-day incubation period, acting as a control, while the second group (G2) experienced these conditions until only the 11th day. The eggs were incubated at 39.5°C with 60% RH for 4 h each day from the 12th to the 18th day. From the 19th to 22nd incubation days, both groups maintained a consistent temperature of 37.2°C with a RH of 70%. Two hundred hatched male chicks per treatment group were moved into a closed-system house. All roosters were exposed to a 6-h daily heat challenge with a temperature of 35°C and a humidity of 70% between their 36th and 40th weeks of age.
UNASSIGNED: Roosters of G2 exposed to thermal challenge showed improvements (p ≤ 0.05) in multiple blood biochemical, antioxidant, and immunity markers, including total protein, globulin, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, triiodothyronine, thyroxine, corticosterone, testosterone, total antioxidant capacity, malondialdehyde, immunoglobulin G, immunoglobulin M, and immunoglobulin A levels. Improved semen quality characteristics, including ejaculate volume, sperm concentration, motility, livability, and quality factor, as well as enhanced thermoregulation in post-hatch cocks, were also achieved (p ≤ 0.05).
UNASSIGNED: To boost antioxidant activity, immunity,
thermotolerance, and semen parameters in roosters under heat-stress conditions, TM application during egg incubation, specifically at 12-18 days, is recommended.