Synsepalumdulcificum具有很高的食用和药用价值;然而,没有关于其内生菌资源勘探的报道。这里,我们进行了包括植物代谢组学的分析,微生物多样性,及其内生代谢产物的生物学活性。高通量测序从根部鉴定出4,913种内生真菌扩增子序列变体(ASV)和1,703种内生细菌ASV,茎,叶子,鲜花,和S.dulcificum的果实。真菌分为5门,24班,75个订单,170个家庭,和313属,虽然细菌属于21门,47班,93个订单,145个家庭,232属。此外,不同组织中的代谢物组成和含量存在显著差异。Spearman对差异代谢产物和内生菌的相关分析表明,内生菌的群落组成与植物丰富的代谢产物相关。确定了105个分离株的内部转录间隔区序列,系统发育分析表明,这些真菌分布在三个门(子囊,担子菌,和粘菌)和20属。此外,对46种细菌的16SrDNA测序显示,它们分布在三个门中的16个属中:放线菌,变形杆菌,和Firmicutes。评估了在不同培养基中培养的68种真菌和20种细菌菌株的粗提物的抗菌活性(滤纸法)和抗氧化活性(DPPH和ABTS测定)。此外,检查了真菌提取物的α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性。结果表明,88.6%的菌株具有抗菌活性,55.7%表现出抗氧化活性,85%的真菌表现出α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性。研究表明,杜仲菌的内生菌具有高度多样性,具有产生生物活性代谢产物的潜力,为开发抗生素提供丰富的物种资源,抗氧化剂和降血糖药物。
Synsepalum dulcificum exhibits high edible and medicinal value; however, there have been no reports on the exploration of its endophyte resources. Here, we conducted analyses encompassing plant metabolomics, microbial diversity, and the biological activities of endophytic metabolites in S. dulcificum. High-throughput sequencing identified 4,913 endophytic fungal amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) and 1,703 endophytic bacterial ASVs from the roots, stems, leaves, flowers, and fruits of S. dulcificum. Fungi were classified into 5 phyla, 24 classes, 75 orders, 170 families, and 313 genera, while bacteria belonged to 21 phyla, 47 classes, 93 orders, 145 families, and 232 genera. Furthermore, there were significant differences in the composition and content of metabolites in different tissues of S. dulcificum. Spearman\'s correlation analysis of the differential metabolites and endophytes revealed that the community composition of the endophytes correlated with plant-rich metabolites. The internal transcribed spacer sequences of 105 isolates were determined, and phylogenetic analyses revealed that these fungi were distributed into three phyla (Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, and Mucoromycota) and 20 genera. Moreover, 16S rDNA sequencing of 46 bacteria revealed they were distributed in 16 genera in three phyla: Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, and Firmicutes. The antimicrobial activities (filter paper method) and antioxidant activity (DPPH and ABTS assays) of crude extracts obtained from 68 fungal and 20 bacterial strains cultured in different media were evaluated. Additionally, the α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of the fungal extracts was examined. The results showed that 88.6% of the strains exhibited antimicrobial activity, 55.7% exhibited antioxidant activity, and 85% of the fungi exhibited α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. The research suggested that the endophytes of S. dulcificum are highly diverse and have the potential to produce bioactive metabolites, providing abundant species resources for developing antibiotics, antioxidants and hypoglycemic drugs.