一个语音可以通过象似性与多个含义相关联,索引性,和/或系统性。直到最近,声音象征主义的“多潜能”才引起了人们的广泛关注,它仍然没有调查多潜能可能如何产生。在目前的研究中,日本人,韩语,普通话,说英语的人在三个语义尺度上对不熟悉的珠宝名称进行评级:大小,亮度,和硬度。结果显示了特定语言和跨语言共享的多潜在声音象征意义。日本人将声音与大而暗的珠宝联系在一起,而说普通话的人则将[我]与小而明亮的珠宝联系在一起。日本人,普通话,说英语的人也将嘴唇圆润与黑暗和柔软联系在一起。这些声音象征意义不太可能通过隐喻或转喻的扩展来获得,也没有报道他们会进行colexify。值得注意的是,在没有嘴唇舍入中介的纯语义网络中,柔软度可以与亮度相关联,如Yawaraka-nahizashi/jawaakanaçizai/“一个温柔的(点燃的。软)阳光“在日语中。这些发现表明,声音象征主义的语义网络可能与隐喻或转喻的语义网络不一致。当前的研究以(phono)语义图的形式总结了这些发现,以促进跨语言比较多潜在的声音象征主义。
One speech sound can be associated with multiple meanings through iconicity, indexicality, and/or systematicity. It was not until recently that this \"pluripotentiality\" of sound
symbolism attracted serious attention, and it remains uninvestigated how pluripotentiality may arise. In the current study, Japanese, Korean, Mandarin, and English speakers rated unfamiliar jewel names on three semantic scales: size, brightness, and hardness. The results showed language-specific and cross-linguistically shared pluripotential sound
symbolism. Japanese speakers associated voiced stops with large and dark jewels, whereas Mandarin speakers associated [i] with small and bright jewels. Japanese, Mandarin, and English speakers also associated lip rounding with darkness and softness. These sound-symbolic meanings are unlikely to be obtained through metaphorical or metonymical extension, nor are they reported to colexify. Notably, in a purely semantic network without the mediation of lip rounding, softness can instead be associated with brightness, as illustrated by synesthetic metaphors such as yawaraka-na hizashi /jawaɾakanaçizaɕi/ \"a gentle (lit. soft) sunshine\" in Japanese. These findings suggest that the semantic networks of sound
symbolism may not coincide with those of metaphor or metonymy. The current study summarizes the findings in the form of (phono)semantic maps to facilitate cross-linguistic comparisons of pluripotential sound
symbolism.