血清和糖皮质激素诱导的激酶3(SGK3),在哺乳动物中普遍表达,受雌激素和雄激素调节。SGK3通过涉及磷脂酰肌醇-3-激酶(PI3K)的信号通路被胰岛素和生长因子激活,3-磷酸肌醇依赖性激酶-1(PDK-1),和哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶复合物2(mTORC2)。激活的SGK3可以激活离子通道(TRPV5/6,SOC,Kv1.3,Kv1.5,Kv7.1,BKCa,Kir2.1,Kir2.2,ENaC,Nav1.5、ClC-2和ClCKa),携带者和受体(Npt2a,Npt2b,NHE3、GluR1、GluR6、SN1、EAAT1、EAAT2、EAAT4、EAAT5、SGLT1、SLC1A5、SLC6A19、SLC6A8和NaDC1),和Na+/K+-ATP酶,促进钙的运输,磷,钠,葡萄糖,肾脏和肠道中的中性氨基酸,肾小管中钾和中性氨基酸的吸收,谷氨酸和谷氨酰胺在神经系统中的运输,和肌酸的运输。SGK3敏感转运蛋白有助于多种生理和病理生理过程,例如维持钙和磷的稳态,水盐度平衡和酸碱平衡,细胞增殖,肌肉动作电位,心脏和神经电生理紊乱,骨密度,肠道营养吸收,免疫功能,和多种物质代谢。这些过程与肾结石有关,缺磷病,多重综合征,心律失常,高血压,心力衰竭,癫痫,老年痴呆症,肌萎缩侧索硬化,青光眼,共济失调特发性耳聋,和其他疾病。
Serum- and glucocorticoid-induced kinase 3 (SGK3), which is ubiquitously expressed in mammals, is regulated by estrogens and androgens. SGK3 is activated by insulin and growth factors through signaling pathways involving phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K), 3-phosphoinositide-dependent kinase-1 (PDK-1), and mammalian target of rapamycin complex 2 (mTORC2). Activated SGK3 can activate ion channels (TRPV5/6, SOC, Kv1.3, Kv1.5, Kv7.1, BKCa, Kir2.1, Kir2.2, ENaC, Nav1.5, ClC-2, and ClC Ka), carriers and receptors (Npt2a, Npt2b, NHE3, GluR1, GluR6, SN1, EAAT1, EAAT2, EAAT4, EAAT5, SGLT1, SLC1A5, SLC6A19, SLC6A8, and NaDC1), and Na+/K+-ATPase, promoting the transportation of calcium, phosphorus, sodium, glucose, and neutral amino acids in the kidney and intestine, the absorption of potassium and neutral amino acids in the renal tubules, the transportation of glutamate and glutamine in the nervous system, and the transportation of creatine. SGK3-sensitive transporters contribute to a variety of physiological and pathophysiological processes, such as maintaining calcium and phosphorus homeostasis, hydro-salinity balance and acid-base balance, cell proliferation, muscle action potential, cardiac and neural electrophysiological disturbances, bone density, intestinal nutrition absorption, immune function, and multiple substance metabolism. These processes are related to kidney stones, hypophosphorous rickets, multiple syndromes, arrhythmia, hypertension, heart failure, epilepsy, Alzheimer\'s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, glaucoma, ataxia idiopathic deafness, and other diseases.