目的:精神疲劳(MF)会损害运动中的认知和身体表现。我们测试了以下假设:较短的自适应时间负载双重返回(TLDB)任务比较长的Stroop更快地诱导MF;并随后损害认知和间歇性跑步表现。
方法:本研究采用随机参与者内设计。
方法:25名受过训练的个体在四个实验条件之一(30分钟Stroop,20分钟和10分钟TLDB任务,和主动控制)。在实验条件之前和之后,使用精神运动警惕任务(PVT)评估认知表现。衡量情绪,工作量,MF,RPE,心率(HR),收集心率变异性(HRV)和血乳酸。ANOVAs测定了4种条件的效果。
结果:Stroop和20分钟TLDB条件类似地损害了运行性能(p=.015),而10分钟TLDB和对照没有差异。尽管在Stroop和20分钟TLDB条件下RPE显着较高,但在Yo-Yo测试期间未报告生理参数的显着差异(p=.014)。Stroop和两个TLDB条件都损害了PVT的认知表现(p=.029),MF(p=.012),心理需求(p<.001),HR(p=.021)和HRV(p=.033);对20分钟TLDB任务具有较高的显著影响。Stroop和TLDB条件之间的情绪变化相似。
结论:间歇性跑步(溜溜球)和认知(PVT)表现,30分钟Stroop和20分钟TLDB任务会损害主观评分;而10分钟TLDB不会损害性能。较短的自适应模式似乎在诱导MF方面更有效,并且可以具有相关的临床应用来评估诸如创伤性脑损伤和脑震荡之类的状况。
OBJECTIVE: Mental fatigue (MF) can impair cognitive and physical performance in sport. We tested the hypothesis that a shorter adaptive Time Load Dual Back (TLDB) task induces MF faster than a longer
Stroop; and subsequently impairs cognitive and intermittent running performance.
METHODS: This study employed a randomized within-participant design.
METHODS: 25 trained individuals performed a Yo-Yo test after one of four experimental conditions (30-min
Stroop, 20-min and 10-min TLDB tasks, and active control). Cognitive performance was assessed using the Psychomotor Vigilance Task (PVT) before and after the experimental conditions. Measures of mood, workload, MF, RPE, heart rate (HR), heart rate variability (HRV) and blood lactate were collected. ANOVAs determined the effect of the 4 conditions.
RESULTS: Stroop and 20-min TLDB conditions impaired running performance similarly (p = .015), while no differences are reported for 10-min TLDB and Control. No significant differences in physiological parameters were reported during the Yo-Yo test although RPE was significantly higher in the Stroop and 20-min TLDB conditions (p = .014).
Stroop and both TLDBs conditions impaired PVT\'s cognitive performance (p = .029), MF (p = .012), mental demand (p < .001), HR (p = .021) and HRV (p = .033); with 20-min TLDB task having the higher significant impact. Mood alterations were similar between
Stroop and TLDB conditions.
CONCLUSIONS: Intermittent running (Yo-Yo) and cognitive (PVT) performances, and subjective ratings were impaired by 30-min Stroop and 20-min TLDB tasks; while 10-min TLDB did not to impair performance. Shorter adaptive modes seem to be more effective in inducing MF and could have relevant clinical applications to assess conditions such as traumatic brain injury and concussion.