背景:在过去的几十年中,青春期的肥胖有所增加。青少年不符合推荐的身体活动(PA)和健康饮食指南。社会经济地位(SES)较低的青少年尤其似乎具有较少的健康生活方式行为。欧洲科学参与赋权aDlesscentS(SEEDS)项目使用极端公民科学方法在高中制定和实施健康的生活方式行为干预措施。作为这个项目的一部分,主要利益相关者被邀请反思青少年参与健康生活方式行为的意图。这项研究的目的是获得利益相关者对低SES地区青少年健康生活方式行为的障碍和促进者的见解,以及这些利益相关者在促进健康生活方式行为中的可能作用。
方法:在四个欧洲国家/地区进行了六个半结构化的焦点小组,有来自不同环境的28个利益相关者(学校,社区,和政府),像老师一样,政策顾问和青年工作者。焦点小组的理论框架基于计划行为理论。焦点小组的主要问题集中在PA和健康饮食上。在NVivo中使用主题分析对焦点小组进行了定性分析,以确定主题和主题。
结果:根据利益相关者的说法,青少年对PA和健康饮食的重要性有足够的了解,但仍然从事不健康的行为。父母被认为是使青少年参与健康生活方式行为的重要促进者。列出的利益相关者缺乏知识,时间,和财政资源是低SES家庭青少年参与健康生活方式行为的障碍。学校环境被列为青少年健康生活方式改变的重要促进因素,但利益相关者承认,当前的学生时代,课程和建筑并非旨在促进健康的生活方式行为。与社区和政府利益相关者的外部支持和合作被认为可能有益于改善健康的生活方式行为。
结论:这项研究表明,来自低SES地区的青少年所面临的各种障碍,以及关键利益相关者之间需要更广泛的合作,以促进健康的生活方式行为。学校被特别视为重要的促进者。目前,学校环境带来各种障碍。然而,当解决这些问题时,学校可以增加SES低地区青少年健康生活方式行为的机会.
背景:本研究于2021年8月12日在ClinicalTrials.gov注册:NCT05002049。
BACKGROUND: Obesity in adolescence has increased in the last decades. Adolescents fail to meet the recommended guidelines for physical activity (PA) and healthy diet. Adolescents with a low socioeconomic status (SES) particularly seem to have fewer healthy lifestyle behaviours. The European Science Engagement to Empower aDolescentS (SEEDS) project used an extreme citizen science approach to develop and implement healthy lifestyle behaviour interventions in high schools. As part of this project, key
stakeholders were invited to reflect on the intentions of adolescents to engage in healthy lifestyle behaviours. The aim of this study was to gain stakeholder insights into the barriers and facilitators to healthy lifestyle behaviours of adolescents from low SES areas and on the possible role of these
stakeholders in facilitating healthy lifestyle behaviours.
METHODS: Six semi-structured focus groups were conducted in four European countries with 28 stakeholders from different settings (schools, community, and government), like teachers, policy advisors and youth workers. The theoretical framework of focus groups was based on the Theory of Planned Behaviour. The main questions of the focus groups were centred on PA and healthy diet. The focus groups were qualitatively analysed in NVivo using thematic analysis to identify topics and themes.
RESULTS: According to
stakeholders, adolescents have sufficient understanding of the importance of PA and a healthy diet, but nevertheless engage in unhealthy behaviour. Parents were mentioned as important facilitators for engaging adolescents in healthy lifestyle behaviours.
Stakeholders listed lack of knowledge, time, and financial resources as barriers for adolescents from low SES families to engage in healthy lifestyle behaviours. The school environment was listed as an important facilitator of adolescents\' healthy lifestyle changes, but stakeholders acknowledged that current school days, curriculum and buildings are not designed to promote healthy lifestyle behaviours. External support and collaboration with community and governmental
stakeholders was seen as potentially beneficial to improve healthy lifestyle behaviours.
CONCLUSIONS: This study shows the variety of barriers adolescents from low SES areas face, and the need for a broader collaboration between key stakeholders to facilitate healthy lifestyle behaviours. Schools are regarded specifically as important facilitators. Currently, the school environment entails various barriers. However, when addressing those, schools can increase opportunities for healthy lifestyle behaviours of adolescents from low SES areas.
BACKGROUND: This study is registered in ClinicalTrials.gov on 12/08/2021: NCT05002049.