动物的环境污染和抗性是合成农药应用的主要问题。二烯丙基三硫(DAT),大蒜精油中的一种活性化合物,是一种用于主动和安全地控制农业害虫的新型工具。在这项研究中,我们分析了DAT(0.01μL/L)对男性生殖组织(副腺,射精管,和睾丸),和保幼激素(JH)和蜕皮激素滴度在高度有害的存储产品的害虫,Sitotrogacerealella.对各种组织中JH和蜕皮激素途径相关基因的表达谱的评估表明,DAT熏蒸后副腺蛋白和蜕皮激素滴度显着降低,而睾丸蛋白含量和JH滴度增加。然而,射精管的蛋白质含量在治疗组和对照组之间保持不变。进一步的研究表明,DAT破坏了参与JH和蜕皮激素途径的关键酶的mRNA表达。DAT熏蒸4和7小时后,观察到幼年激素酸性O-甲基转移酶(JHMAT)和Kruppel同源物1(Kr-h1)的mRNA水平升高,熏蒸后3小时,保幼激素环氧化物水解酶(JHEH)的水平大大降低。蜕皮激素反应基因的mRNA水平,FTZF1和细胞色素P450酶,CYP315A1在7h和4h时显著降低,分别,熏蒸后,而CYP314A1和CYP302A1mRNA水平在3小时和4小时后降低,分别。虽然DAT熏蒸会破坏睾丸中的精子数量,射精管,和精囊,局部应用20-羟基蜕皮激素(20E)类似物也降低了射精管中的精子数量.局部应用甲氧苯,JH类似物,增加了睾丸中的蛋白质含量,但不在副腺体或射精管中。然而,生存率不受局部应用甲氧苯或20E的影响。这些数据表明,DAT通过其分子途径基因调节JH和蜕皮激素,并在男性生殖过程中调节内分泌分泌。
Environmental pollution and resistance in animals are major concerns for the application of synthetic pesticides. Diallyl trisulfide (DAT), an active compound in garlic essential oil, is a novel tool for active and safe control of agricultural insect pests. In this study, we analysed the effects of DAT (0.01 μL/L) on the protein content in male reproductive tissues (accessory glands, ejaculatory ducts, and testis), and juvenile hormone (JH) and ecdysone titres in a highly detrimental pest of stored products, Sitotroga cerealella. Evaluation of the expression profile of JH and ecdysone pathway-related genes in various tissues indicated that the accessory gland protein and ecdysone titres were markedly decreased after DAT fumigation, whereas the testis protein content and JH titre were increased. However, the protein content of the ejaculatory ducts remained unchanged between the treated and control groups. Further investigation revealed that DAT disrupted the mRNA expression of key enzymes involved in JH and ecdysone pathways. While increased mRNA levels of juvenile hormone acid O-methyltransferase (JHMAT) and Kruppel homologue 1 (Kr-h1) were observed after 4 and 7 h of DAT fumigation, the levels of juvenile hormone epoxide hydrolase (JHEH) were substantially reduced 3 h post-fumigation. mRNA levels of the ecdysone-responsive gene, FTZF1, and cytochrome P450 enzyme, CYP315A1, were notably decreased at 7 h and 4 h, respectively, post-fumigation, whereas CYP314A1 and CYP302A1 mRNA levels decreased after 3 h and 4 h, respectively. While DAT fumigation disrupted sperm number in the testis, ejaculatory ducts, and seminal vesicles, topical application of the 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) analogue also lowered sperm number in the ejaculatory ducts. Topical application of methoprene, a JH analogue, increased the protein content in the testes, but not in the accessory glands or ejaculatory ducts. However, the survival rate was not affected by the topical application of methoprene or 20E. These data suggest that DAT regulates JH and ecdysone via its molecular pathway genes and modulates endocrine secretion during the male reproductive process.