遭受逆境的儿童(例如,长期贫困,创伤性事件,和虐待)在规范参考语言评估中表现低于年龄预期的风险增加,但尚不清楚特定语言障碍(SLI)的风险是否更高.这项探索性研究调查了逆境暴露是否与语法知识和SLI减少有关。
对30名已知有逆境暴露史的学龄儿童进行了语言变异诊断评估-规范参考(DELV-NR)评估的语法子测试。他们的主要照顾者还完成了一项全面的逆境暴露措施,捕获了不良事件类型,频率,慢性,和严重性。分析包括t检验,相关性,Mann-WhitneyU测试,和卡方。
总的来说,样本在DELV-NR语法子检验中表现低于年龄预期,符合SLI诊断标准的参与者比例(20%)高于预期.SLI和典型语言(TL)组的逆境剂量没有显着差异,频率,慢性,或严重程度;然而,SLI组参与者遭受身体创伤的可能性是TL组参与者的1.46倍.
根据DELV-NR规范样本,已知逆境暴露历史的儿童比预期的更频繁地出现语法缺陷和SLI;然而,不良事件的特征与SLI状态无关,除了暴露于身体创伤(例如,身体虐待和受害)。需要进一步的研究来调查该人群中SLI的患病率和潜在的因果途径。
https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.20483706。
Children exposed to adversity (e.g., chronic poverty, traumatic events, and maltreatment) are at increased risk for performing below age expectations on norm-referenced language assessments, but it is unknown whether the risk is higher for specific language impairment (SLI). This exploratory study investigated whether adversity exposure is associated with reduced grammar knowledge and SLI.
The syntax subtest of the Diagnostic Evaluation of Language Variation-Norm-Referenced (DELV-NR) assessment was administered to 30 school-age children with known histories of adversity exposure. Their primary caregiver also completed a comprehensive adversity exposure measure, which captured adverse event type, frequency, chronicity, and severity. Analyses included t tests, correlations, Mann-Whitney U tests, and chi-square.
Overall, the sample performed below age expectations on the DELV-NR Syntax subtest, and a higher percentage of participants (20%) met diagnostic criteria for SLI than expected. The SLI and typical language (TL) groups did not significantly differ in adversity dosage, frequency, chronicity, or severity; however, participants in the SLI group were 1.46 times more likely to have experienced physical trauma than the participants in the TL group.
Children with known histories of adversity exposure presented with grammatical deficits and SLI more often than expected based on the DELV-NR normative sample; however, features of the adverse event did not associate with SLI status except for exposure to physical trauma (e.g., physical abuse and victimization). Future research is needed to investigate the prevalence and potential causal pathways of SLI in this population.
https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.20483706.