城市环境中的河流是其生态系统的重要组成部分,但仍受到不受控制的工业污水和生活污水排放的污染威胁。这样的河流污染,特别是在涉及重金属的长期内,是全世界关注的关于生态环境和人类健康风险的问题。在这项研究中,我们调查了华非河的长期污染特征,开封的一条重要的城市河流,中国。对河流沉积样品进行了分析,利用地累积指数法和潜在生态风险指数法评估重金属污染程度和生态风险,而皮尔森的相关性,主成分和聚类分析用于识别污染源。结果表明,我国重金属浓度显著高于其相应的潮土背景值,地质累积指数表明,在确定的八种重金属中,汞是最普遍的,其次是Cd>Zn>Cu>Pb>Ni>As>Cr。华非河潜在生态风险指数很高,中下游段潜在生态风险强度最高,在建议进行污染控制的地方,特别是汞和镉。长期序列分析表明,1998-2017年Cu和Pb大幅下降,2019年回升,Zn呈持续下降趋势。确定了重金属污染物的四个主要来源:Cr,Cu,Ni,Pb,锌和汞主要来自工业活动,交通来源和自然来源;Cd主要来自工业和农业活动;而As主要与工业活动有关。因此,应特别注意汞和镉,必须采取措施防止对重金属污染的进一步人为影响。
Rivers in urban environments are significant components of their ecosystems but remain under threat of pollution from unchecked discharges of industrial sewage and domestic wastewater. Such river pollution, particularly over the longer term involving heavy metals, is an issue of worldwide concern regarding risks to the ecological environment and human health. In this study, we investigate the long-term pollution characteristics of the Huafei River, an important urban river in Kaifeng, China. River sedimentary samples were analyzed, assessing the degree and ecological risk of heavy metal pollution using the geo-accumulation index and potential ecological risk index methods, whilst Pearson\'s correlation, principal component and cluster analyses were used to identify the sources of pollution. The results show that heavy metal concentrations are significantly higher than their corresponding fluvo-aquic soil background values in China, and the geo-accumulation indexes indicate that of the eight heavy metals identified, Hg is most prevalent, followed in sequence by Cd > Zn > Cu > Pb > Ni > As > Cr. The potential ecological risk index of the Huafei River is very high, with the potential ecological risk intensity highest in the midstream and downstream sections, where it is recommended that pollution control is carried out, especially concerning Hg and Cd. Long-term sequence analysis indicates that Cu and Pb dropped sharply from 1998 to 2017, but rebounded in 2019, and that Zn shows a continuous decreasing trend. Four main sources for the heavy metal contaminants were identified: Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn and Hg derived mainly from industrial activities, traffic sources and natural sources; Cd originated mainly from industrial and agricultural activities; whilst As was mainly associated with industrial activities. Thus, special attention should be paid to Hg and Cd, and measures must be taken to prevent further anthropogenic influence on heavy metal pollution.