目的:虽然耳鸣和颞下颌疾病(TMD)之间的关联已被频繁报道,它们在文献中的关联率显示出很大的变异性。我们旨在调查体感耳鸣患者的TMD患病率,反之亦然,TMD患者体感耳鸣的发生。
方法:本研究包括体感耳鸣患者(听力学组)和TMD患者(口腔医学组),在米兰Policlinic医院的听力学和口腔科诊所进行评估,意大利。耳鸣的常见原因,如听力和神经系统疾病被排除。宫颈源性躯体性耳鸣也被排除。不同的TMD症状,包括关节噪音和关节痛。采用描述性统计方法对收集到的数据进行分析,并进行Pearson卡方检验,以研究临床组不同症状的患病率。
结果:听力学组包括47例体感耳鸣患者。总的来说,46例(97.8%)患者诊断为TMD,包括37例TMJ噪声(78.7%),握紧41(87.2%),7例(14.8%)患者疼痛。口腔组包括50例TMD患者,包括32个关节噪声(64.0%),28例(56.0%)患者握紧,42例(84.0%)患者颞下颌关节疼痛。12例(24.0%)患者被诊断为体感耳鸣。
结论:我们的研究表明,耳鸣患者的TMD患病率很高,以及在TMD患者中耳鸣的发生率并不少见。TMD症状的分布,如关节噪声,两组患者的关节疼痛也不同。
BACKGROUND: Although the association between tinnitus and temporo-mandibular disorders (TMD) has been frequently reported, their rate of association in the literature shows a great variability.
OBJECTIVE: We aimed to investigate the prevalence of TMD in patients with somatosensory tinnitus and, vice versa, the occurrence of somatosensory tinnitus in patients with TMD.
METHODS: The study included patients with somatosensory tinnitus (audiological group) and patients with TMD (stomatological group), evaluated at the audiologic and stomatologic clinics of the Policlinic Hospital of Milan, Italy. Common causes of tinnitus, such as hearing and neurological disorders, were excluded. A cervicogenic somatic tinnitus was also ruled out. Different TMD symptoms, including joint noise and joint pain, were considered. The collected data were analysed using descriptive statistical methods, and the Pearson\'s Chi-squared test was performed to study the prevalence of the different symptoms by clinical groups.
RESULTS: Audiological group included 47 patients with somatosensory tinnitus. Overall, TMD was diagnosed in 46 patients (97.8%), including TMJ noise in 37 (78.7%), clenching in 41 (87.2%) and pain in 7 (14.8%) patients. Stomatological group included 50 patients with TMD, including joint noise in 32 (64.0%), clenching in 28 (56.0%) and TMJ pain in 42 (84.0%) patients. A somatosensory tinnitus was diagnosed in 12 (24.0%) patients.
CONCLUSIONS: Our study showed a high prevalence of TMD in patients with tinnitus, as well as a not uncommon occurrence of tinnitus in patients presenting with TMD. The distribution of TMD symptoms, such as joint noise, and joint pain was different between the two groups.