目的:本研究旨在探讨聚焦解决方法对肾病综合征(NS)患者自知力和心理情绪的影响。
方法:选取2020年12月至2022年12月青岛市市立医院185例NS患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。根据不同的护理模式,将患者分为对照组(CG,常规护理,n=90)和研究组(SG,常规护理+解决方法,n=95)。采用医院焦虑和抑郁量表(HADS)评估患者的焦虑和抑郁水平,采用自知力和治疗态度问卷(ITAQ)对其自知力进行评价。短表36健康调查(SF-36)用于评估患者的生活质量。分析了患者的焦虑和抑郁水平与他们的洞察力的关系。
结果:性别无统计学差异,年龄,身体质量指数,教育水平,疾病类型,高血压,高脂血症,水肿,两组患者家庭人均月收入和居住指标比较(p>0.05)。干预后SG的HADS-A和HADS-D评分明显低于CG,ITAQ评分明显高于CG(p<0.001)。干预后,生理功能,生理作用,活力,社会功能,身体疼痛,一般健康,SG的情感角色和心理健康得分明显高于CG(p<0.05)。Pearson分析结果表明,焦虑和抑郁评分与自知力评分呈负相关(r=-0.265,-0.255;均p<0.001)。
结论:在NS患者中应用聚焦解决方法可以提高患者的自知力和焦虑抑郁水平,具有一定的临床应用价值。为NS的后续治疗提供更多方向。
OBJECTIVE: This study aims to explore the effect of the solution-focused approach on the insight and psychological emotion of patients with nephrotic syndrome (NS).
METHODS: The clinical data of 185 Qingdao Municipal Hospital patients with NS from December 2020 to December 2022 were selected for retrospective analysis. According to different nursing modes, the patients were divided into the control group (CG, conventional nursing, n = 90) and the study group (SG, conventional nursing + solution-focused approach, n = 95). The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) was used to assess the anxiety and depression levels of the patients, and the insight and treatment attitudes questionnaire (ITAQ) was adopted to evaluate their insight. The short form-36 health survey (SF-36) was used to evaluate the patients\' quality of life. The relationship of patients\' anxiety and depression levels with their insight was analysed.
RESULTS: No statistical difference in the gender, age, body mass index, education level, disease types, hypertension, hyperlipidaemia, oedema, monthly family per capita income and residence indicators of the patients in the two groups (p > 0.05) was found. The SG had distinctly lower HADS-A and HADS-D scores and a significantly higher ITAQ score than the CG after intervention (p < 0.001). After intervention, the physiological function, physiological role, vitality, social function, physical pain, general health, emotional role and mental health scores of the SG were overtly higher than those of the CG (p < 0.05). Results of the Pearson analysis show that the anxiety and depression scores are negatively correlated with the insight scores (r = -0.265, -0.255; All p < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: The application of the solution-focused approach to NS patients can improve their insight and anxiety and depression levels with certain clinical application value, providing more directions for the follow-up treatment of NS.