目标:在欧洲,大多数药物是口服的,并且主要作为单一固体口服剂型(SODF)包装在布置在泡罩卡上的泡罩室(肺泡)中。泡罩卡被构造为结合在一起的铝(Al)箔和/或各种塑料聚合物的多层层压板。形成肺泡,它们被或多或少的大间隙隔开。我们计算了德国最常用的SODF包装每年产生的包装材料(以及废物)的数量,并估算了通过重新排列肺泡可以节省多少废物。
方法:为此,我们分析了包装在肺泡中的50种最常用处方药的SODF(N=45;铝铝水泡的13,32种混合材料),测量和称重他们的包装材料和内容,计算了它们每年产生的废物量,并估计如果肺泡最佳地定位在泡罩卡上,可以节省多少废物。此外,我们检查了八组相同强度的常用仿制药的泡罩包装的可变性。
结果:对泡罩卡的详细分析显示,大多数材料(69%)用于泡罩之间的空间,铝铝肺泡比包装的SODF大四倍以上。(保守地)估计这些SODF初级包装产生的复合废物年数量为3868吨(外推至整个德国制药市场8533吨),其中泡罩室的优化布置,即,每个肺泡周围有2毫米的密封区域,SODF排列成2排,将节省约37%。
结论:考虑到其他生态策略尚未成熟,泡罩室的最佳布置将是一个令人着迷的简单,最重要的是,立即实施的战略,以避免大量可避免的浪费。
OBJECTIVE: In Europe, most medicines are taken orally and primarily packaged as single solid oral dosage forms (SODF) in blister chambers (alveoli) arranged on blister cards. Blister cards are constructed as multilayer laminates of aluminum (Al) foils and/or various plastic polymers bonded together, forming the alveoli, which are separated by more or less large gaps. We calculated the amount of packaging material (and thus waste) generated annually for the packaging of the most commonly prescribed SODF in Germany and estimated how much waste could be saved by rearranging the alveoli.
METHODS: For this purpose, we analysed the SODF of the 50 most frequently prescribed medicines that were packaged in alveoli (N = 45; 13 of aluminum-aluminum blisters, 32 of mixed materials), measured and weighed their packaging material and content, calculated the annual amount of waste produced from them, and estimated how much waste could be saved if the alveoli were optimally positioned on the blister cards. In addition, we examined the variability of the blister packaging of eight groups of commonly prescribed generics of the same strength.
RESULTS: Detailed analysis of the blister cards revealed that most of the material (69%) was used for the space between blisters and that aluminum-aluminum alveoli were more than four times larger than the packaged SODF. The (conservatively) estimated annual amount of composite waste generated for the primary packaging of these SODF was 3868 t (and extrapolated to the entire German pharmaceutical market 8533 t), of which an optimized arrangement of the blister chambers, i.e., a 2-mm sealing area around each alveolus and the arrangement of the SODF in 2 rows, would save approximately 37%.
CONCLUSIONS: Considering that other ecological strategies are not yet mature, the optimal arrangement of blister chambers would be a captivatingly simple and, above all, immediately implementable strategy to avoid large amounts of avoidable waste.