这项研究调查了压力对蜗牛寄主广州管圆线虫幼虫释放的影响。Parmarion马氏体.我们感染了140人,野生捕获的马氏疟原虫对三种应力诱导处理(热,杀软体动物剂,物理干扰)和24小时的无应力控制治疗,之后,通过针对寄生虫DNA的ITS1区域的qPCR对粘液中幼虫的存在和丰度进行定量,并在治疗方法之间进行比较。通过广义线性混合模型和置换测试确定了压力和宿主感染负荷对幼虫释放的重要性。结果表明,胁迫显着增加了粘液中幼虫存在的概率和释放的幼虫数量,高度感染的蜗牛也更有可能释放幼虫。在紧张的蜗牛中,13.3%的幼虫释放到粘液中,粘液中存在的幼虫数量从45.5到4216。无压力的对照没有释放幼虫。这项研究为先前研究中有关蜗牛粘液中存在的广东曲霉的矛盾结果提供了部分解释,并阐明了更广泛的一种健康含义。应激诱导的幼虫释放突出了粘液作为病原体传播媒介的潜在作用,paratenic,最终和其他中间宿主。这些发现强调了考虑宿主-寄生虫系统中应激介导的相互作用及其对人畜共患疾病出现的意义的重要性。由于人为活动和气候变化,压力源继续升级,了解压力在病原体脱落和传播中的作用对于在“一个健康”框架内维护人类和野生动物健康变得越来越重要。
This study investigated the influence of stress on release of Angiostrongylus cantonensis larvae from a snail host, Parmarion martensi. We subjected 140 infected, wild-caught P. martensi to three stress-inducing treatments (heat, molluscicide, physical disturbance) and an unstressed control treatment for 24 h, after which larval presence and abundance in the slime were quantified by qPCR targeting the ITS1 region of the parasite\'s DNA, and compared among treatments. The significance of stress and host infection load on larval release was determined by generalized linear mixed models and permutation tests. The results indicated that stress significantly increased the probability of larval presence in slime and the number of larvae released, and highly infected snails were also more likely to release larvae. Among stressed snails, 13.3% released larvae into slime, the number of larvae present in the slime ranging from 45.5 to 4216. Unstressed controls released no larvae. This study offers a partial explanation for conflicting results from prior studies regarding A. cantonensis presence in snail slime and sheds light on the broader One Health implications. Stress-induced larval release highlights the potential role of slime as a medium for pathogen transmission to accidental, paratenic, definitive and other intermediate hosts. These findings emphasize the importance of considering stress-mediated interactions in host-parasite systems and their implications for zoonotic disease emergence. As stressors continue to escalate because of anthropogenic activities and climate change, understanding the role of stress in pathogen shedding and transmission becomes increasingly important for safeguarding human and wildlife health within the One Health framework.