污水污泥的有效处理可以将废物转化为具有最小化的危险特性的稳定材料,可供二次使用。热解污泥,sludgechar,具有多种环境效益,包括污染物吸附能力和养分循环利用。在预期应用于土壤之前,首先在实验室溶液中测试了五种污泥的吸附效率。各种各样的金属(类)(As,Cd,Co,Cr,Cu,Ni,Pb,Sb,和Zn)参与其中。其次,将污泥(3%v/v)在五种土壤中孵育,这些土壤的(多)金属(类)存在和污染水平不同。主要目的是评估污泥用于土壤修复的金属(类)固定潜力。此外,对养分供应进行了调查,以全面评估该材料对土壤的益处。所有污泥对去除金属阳离子都是有效的(高达100%),而它们对金属(类)阴离子的效率在水溶液中受到限制。磷酸盐和硫酸盐被确定为金属(类)捕获至关重要,基于SEM/EDS,XRD和MINTEQ发现。在土壤中,观察到锌的重要波动,被高Zntot土壤中的污泥部分固定,同时部分溶解在中等至低Zntot土壤中。此外,pH对材料稳定性至关重要,金属(类)吸附能力及其在土壤中的固定化。尽管金属(类)在土壤中的保留率通常较低,污泥施用后,养分富集显著。材料吸附效率的长期评估,营养供应,在未来的研究中,土壤环境的老化将是必要的。
Efficient treatment of sewage sludge may transform waste into stable materials with minimised hazardous properties ready for secondary use. Pyrolysed sewage sludge, sludgechar, has multiple environmental benefits including contaminant sorption capacity and nutrient recycling. The properties of five sludgechars were tested firstly for adsorption efficiency in laboratory solutions before prospective application to soils. A wide variety of metal(loid)s (As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Sb, and Zn) was involved. Secondly, the sludgechars (3 % v/v) were incubated in five soils differing in (multi)-metal(loid) presence and the level of contamination. The main aim was to evaluate the metal(loid) immobilisation potential of the sludgechars for soil remediation. Moreover, nutrient supply was investigated to comprehensively assess the material\'s benefits for soils. All sludgechars were efficient (up to 100 %) for the removal of metal cations while their efficiency for metal(loid) anions was limited in aqueous solutions. Phosphates and sulphates were identified crucial for metal(loid) capture, based on SEM/EDS, XRD and MINTEQ findings. In soils, important fluctuations were observed for Zn, being partially immobilised by the sludgechars in high-Zntot soils, while partially solubilised in moderate to low-Zntot soils. Moreover, pH showed to be crucial for material stability, metal(loid) adsorption ability and their immobilisation in soils. Although metal(loid) retention was generally low in soils, nutrient enrichment was significant after sludgechar application. Long-term evaluation of the material sorption efficiency, nutrient supply, and ageing in soil environments will be necessary in future studies.