背景:皮肤和软组织感染(STTI)是医院抗菌药物处方中最常见的适应症之一。不适当的抗菌药物使用会导致发病率增加,不必要的医院再入院和增加抗菌素耐药性。本研究旨在评估澳大利亚医院SSTI管理中抗菌药物处方的质量,为未来的实践提供指导。
方法:对来自全国抗菌药物处方调查(NAPS)的数据进行回顾性分析。分析了来自医院NAPS(2013-2022)的SSTI处方数据和来自手术NAPS(2016-2022)数据集的手术部位感染数据。评估的变量包括指导方针合规性,根据结构化NAPS算法的适当性和不适当的原因。
结果:来自医院NAPS数据集,分析了40,535种SSTI的抗菌处方。最常见的适应症是蜂窝织炎(34.1%;n=13,822),处方最多的抗菌药物是氟氯西林(18.8%;n=7,638)。SSTI适应症的指南依从性较低,但与所有其他抗菌药物处方适应症相比,适当性率更高(指南依从性66.3%,n=21,035vs67.4%,n=156,285适当性75.6%,n=30,639vs72.7%,n=209,383)。不适当的最常见原因是剂量或频率不正确(29.3%;n=2,367)。从外科NAPS数据集中,分析了5,674例手术部位感染的处方。68.2%(n=3,867)被认为是合适的。不适当的最常见原因是剂量或频率不正确(27.7%;n=350)。
结论:由于SSTI是澳大利亚医院处方抗菌药物的常见适应症,因此,建议确定有效的抗菌药物管理策略,以优化SSTI管理的抗菌药物使用,从而改善患者预后.
BACKGROUND: Skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) are among the most common indications for antimicrobial prescribing in hospitals. Inappropriate antimicrobial use can lead to increased morbidity, unnecessary hospital readmission and increased antimicrobial resistance. This study aims to assess the quality of antimicrobial prescribing practices in SSTI management within Australian hospitals to provide guidance for future practice.
METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted with data from the National Antimicrobial Prescribing Survey (NAPS). SSTI prescribing data from Hospital NAPS (2013-2022) and surgical site infection data from Surgical NAPS (2016-2022) datasets were analysed. Variables assessed included guideline compliance, appropriateness as per the structured NAPS algorithm and reasons for inappropriateness.
RESULTS: From the Hospital NAPS dataset, 40,535 antimicrobial prescriptions for SSTIs were analysed. The most common indication was cellulitis (34.1%; n=13,822), and the most prescribed antimicrobial was flucloxacillin (18.8%; n=7,638). SSTI indications had a lower rate of guideline compliance, but a higher rate of appropriateness compared to all other indications for antimicrobial prescriptions (guideline compliance 66.3%, n=21,035 vs 67.4%, n=156,285 appropriateness 75.6%, n=30,639 vs 72.7%, n=209,383). The most common reason for inappropriateness was incorrect dose or frequency (29.3%; n=2,367). From the Surgical NAPS dataset, 5,674 prescriptions for surgical site infections were analysed. 68.2% (n=3,867) were deemed appropriate. The most common reason for inappropriateness was incorrect dose or frequency (27.7%; n=350).
CONCLUSIONS: As SSTIs are a common indication for prescribing an antimicrobial in Australian hospitals, identifying effective antimicrobial stewardship strategies to optimise antimicrobial use for SSTI management is therefore recommended to improve patient outcomes.