蓖麻(RicinuscommunisL.)是一种重要的工业作物,具有广泛的工业和制药应用。巴西是最大的蓖麻生产国之一。在2004年至2010年之间,蓖麻种植受到了刺激,重点是生物柴油生产。然而,这不足以利用巴西蓖麻的生产,主要是由于缺乏结构化贸易以及与其他廉价原材料竞争生产生物柴油。尽管失败了,该物种是大豆第二作物轮作的绝佳替代品,玉米,豆子,和棉花种植区,因为石油对其他产品非常有价值。此外,它引起了巴西生产者和研究人员的注意,因为它被认为是一种耐缺水的植物,并且极易受到灰霉病的影响,作物最后阶段高湿度所带来的疾病。例如,它在塞拉多地区的第二作物种植,降雨发生在作物的早期阶段,当植物达到生产的最后阶段时停止,取得了成功,并显示出巨大的希望。当前的研究旨在评估整个巴西种植蓖麻的环境的适用性,结合与灰霉病发生率相关的变量,并根据从文献中获得的现有蓖麻试验数据确认这些发现。场地适宜性分析确定,7499万公顷(占巴西领土的8.8%)非常适合第二次收获期间的蓖麻生产,大部分位于东北和中西部地区。这些结果令人惊讶,因为巴西目前约有7.8%(6681万公顷)的领土被农业(谷物,水果,蔬菜,和多年生作物)。这项研究的结果提供了一种使用与农艺和疾病特征相关的数据对作物进行场地适宜性的方法。与灰霉病一样,通常会导致蓖麻生产的重大损失。此外,这一分析为巴西通过利用第二作物种植增加蓖麻产量和满足世界对其石油需求的巨大潜力提供了证据。
Castor (Ricinus communis L.) is an important industrial crop with a wide range of industrial and pharmaceutical applications. Brazil is among the largest castor-producing countries. Between 2004 and 2010, castor cultivation was stimulated with an emphasis towards biodiesel production. However, this was not enough to leverage the production of castor in Brazil, mainly due to the lack of structured trade and the competition with other cheaper raw materials for the production of biodiesel. Despite this failure, the species presents itself as an excellent alternative for crop rotation in the second crop among soybean, corn, beans, and cotton cultivation areas as the oil is highly valuable for other products. Moreover, it has drawn the attention of producers and researchers in Brazil for this potential rotation as it is considered a plant tolerant of water-deficiency and is highly susceptible to gray mold, a disease favored by high humidity in the final stages of the crop. For instance, its cultivation in the second crop in Cerrado regions, where rains occur in the early stages of the crop and cease when the plants reach the final stage of production, has been successful and shows great promise. The current study aimed to evaluate the suitability of environments throughout Brazil to grow castor, incorporating variables associated with the incidence of gray mold and confirm these findings based on existing castor trial data obtained from the literature. The site suitability analysis determined that 74.99 million hectares - 8.8% of Brazilian territory - are highly suitable for castor production during second harvest, mostly located in the Northeastern and Midwestern regions. These results are surprising since Brazil currently has around 7.8% (∼66.81 million hectares) of its territory occupied with agriculture (grains, fruits, vegetables, and perennial crops). The findings of this study provide a method to perform site suitability for crops using data associated with agronomic and disease characteristics, as is the case with gray mold that often results in significant losses in castor production. Also, this analysis provides evidence for the great potential of Brazil to increase castor production and meet the world demand for its oil through utilization of second-crop cultivation.