铜绿假单胞菌由于其高毒力和致病性,在全球范围内被认为是一种值得关注的机会性病原体。尤其是在免疫受损的个体中。虽然研究已经确定了几种内源性群体感应(QS)信号分子,增强铜绿假单胞菌的毒力和致病性,对外源性QS信号分子或调节因子的研究仍然有限.本研究发现多巴胺作为外源性QS信号分子或铜绿假单胞菌PAO1的调节因子,增强毒力因子和生物膜的产生。与对照组相比,用40μM多巴胺处理可使生物膜形成增加33.1%,游泳机动性增加68.1%,蜂群机动性增加63.1%,信号分子3-氧代-C12-HSL增加147.2%,50.5%,28.5%,27.0%,海藻酸盐毒力因子增加33.2%,鼠李糖脂,蛋白酶,和绿脓苷,分别。本研究进一步探讨多巴胺通过转录组和代谢组调节铜绿假单胞菌PAO1生物膜形成和毒力的机制。转录组分析表明多巴胺促进毒力基因psl的表达,alg,拉萨,rhlABC,rml,和phz在铜绿假单胞菌PAO1中。代谢组学分析显示色氨酸浓度的变化,丙酮酸,乙醇胺,甘氨酸,3-羟基丁酸,还有Alizarin.此外,改变的基因和代谢物的KEGG富集分析表明多巴胺增强了苯丙氨酸,酪氨酸,铜绿假单胞菌PAO1中的色氨酸。这项研究的结果将有助于开发新的外源性QS信号分子或调节因子,并促进我们对铜绿假单胞菌与宿主环境之间相互作用的理解。
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is recognized globally as an opportunistic pathogen of considerable concern due to its high virulence and pathogenicity, especially in immunocompromised individuals. While research has identified several endogenous quorum sensing (QS) signaling molecules that enhance the virulence and pathogenicity of P. aeruginosa, investigations on exogenous QS signaling molecules or modulating factors remain limited. This study found that dopamine serves as an exogenous QS signaling molecule or modulating factor of P. aeruginosa PAO1, enhancing the production of virulence factors and biofilms. Compared to the control group, treatment with 40 μM dopamine resulted in a 33.1 % increase in biofilm formation, 68.1 % increase in swimming mobility, 63.1 % increase in swarming mobility, 147.2 % increase in the signaling molecule 3-oxo-C12-HSL, and 50.5 %, 28.5 %, 27.0 %, and 33.2 % increases in the virulence factors alginate, rhamnolipids, protease, and pyocyanin, respectively. This study further explored the mechanism of dopamine regulating the biofilm formation and virulence of P. aeruginosa PAO1 through transcriptome and metabolome. Transcriptomic analysis showed that dopamine promoted the expression of virulence genes psl, alg, lasA, rhlABC, rml, and phz in P. aeruginosa PAO1. Metabolomic analysis revealed changes in the concentrations of tryptophan, pyruvate, ethanolamine, glycine, 3-hydroxybutyric acid, and alizarin. Furthermore, KEGG enrichment analysis of altered genes and metabolites indicated that dopamine enhanced phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan in P. aeruginosa PAO1. The results of this study will contribute to the development of novel exogenous QS signaling molecules or modulating factors and advance our understanding of the interactions between P. aeruginosa and the host environment.