■注意缺陷/多动障碍(ADHD)是一种神经发育障碍,其确切的病理生理学尚未完全了解。许多研究表明,ADHD患者的大脑结构中的细胞结构和神经元活动受到破坏,伴随着免疫系统的不平衡,氧化应激,和新陈代谢。
■本研究旨在评估参与运动控制和协调的两个功能和组织学上不同的大脑区域:运动皮层(MC)和前额叶皮层(PFC)。即,在自发性高血压大鼠(SHR)和WistarKyoto大鼠(WKYs)的整个发育阶段对MC进行形态计量学分析。此外,这项研究旨在调查特定免疫的水平和活性,氧化应激,与WKYs相比,青少年和成熟SHR的PFC中的代谢标志物。
■最显着的MC体积减少发生在青少年SHR中,与WKY相比,这些大脑区域的神经元密度发生变化。此外,青少年SHRs表现出各种标志物的水平和活性升高,包括白细胞介素-1α(IL-1α),IL-6,丝氨酸/苏氨酸蛋白哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白,RAC-α丝氨酸/苏氨酸蛋白激酶,糖皮质激素受体β,丙二醛,巯基,超氧化物歧化酶,过氧化物酶,谷胱甘肽还原酶,谷胱甘肽S-转移酶,葡萄糖,果糖胺,铁,乳酸,丙氨酸,天冬氨酸转氨酶,和乳酸脱氢酶.
■MC形态测量的显著变化和炎症水平的升高,氧化,PFC中的代谢标志物可能与ADHD中大脑发育和成熟的中断有关。
UNASSIGNED: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder whose exact pathophysiology has not been fully understood yet. Numerous studies have suggested disruptions in the cellular architecture and neuronal activity within brain structures of individuals with ADHD, accompanied by imbalances in the immune system, oxidative stress, and metabolism.
UNASSIGNED: This study aims to assess two functionally and histologically distinct brain areas involved in motor control and coordination: the motor cortex (MC) and prefrontal cortex (PFC). Namely, the morphometric analysis of the MC throughout the developmental stages of Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (SHRs) and Wistar Kyoto Rats (WKYs). Additionally, the study aimed to investigate the levels and activities of specific immune, oxidative stress, and metabolic markers in the PFC of juvenile and maturing SHRs in comparison to WKYs.
UNASSIGNED: The most significant MC volume reductions occurred in juvenile SHRs, accompanied by alterations in neuronal density in these brain areas compared to WKYs. Furthermore, juvenile SHRs exhibit heightened levels and activity of various markers, including interleukin-1α (IL-1α), IL-6, serine/threonine-protein mammalian target of rapamycin, RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase, glucocorticoid receptor β, malondialdehyde, sulfhydryl groups, superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, glutathione reductase, glutathione S-transferase, glucose, fructosamine, iron, lactic acid, alanine, aspartate transaminase, and lactate dehydrogenase.
UNASSIGNED: Significant changes in the MC morphometry and elevated levels of inflammatory, oxidative, and metabolic markers in PFC might be associated with disrupted brain development and maturation in ADHD.