在中国,污水处理系统在抗生素去除中起着至关重要的作用;然而,抗生素在下水道中的命运概况还没有得到很好的理解,整个污水处理系统的风险识别不足。根据对排放源中典型抗生素组的广泛检测结果,污水处理厂(WWTP)的进水和出水,和剩余污泥,进行了全面评估,以揭示抗生素的消除情况,确定下水道和污水处理厂的命运特征,评估暴露风险水平,并提出控制策略。水水中的总浓度(基于目标抗生素的中值浓度)估计从排放源处的7383.4ng/L降低到污水处理厂污水中的886.6ng/L。其中污水渠减少69.6%,污水处理厂减少18.4%。下水道抗生素的减少是稀释的综合作用,生理化学反应,吸附,生物降解,和重新转型,污水处理厂中的A2O-MBR臭氧化过程在减少抗生素方面表现出优异的性能。值得注意的是,过量污泥中积累的抗生素对自然环境构成高风险(风险商约为13.0),合并下水道溢出(CSO)期间的潜在风险尚未确定。因此,强化污泥处理技术,准确的风险预测,并且需要在民间社会组织采取适当的预防措施来减轻潜在风险。一种涉及精确估计放电负荷的新方案,高浓度排放源的初步处理,并建议在下水道中进行协同控制,以消除管道前端的抗生素。
In China, the sewerage system plays an essential role in antibiotic removal; however, the fate profiles of antibiotics in
sewers are not well understood, and risk identification throughout the sewerage system is inadequate. Based on the extensive detection results for typical groups of antibiotics in the discharge sources, influent and effluent from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), and excess sludge, a comprehensive evaluation was conducted to reveal the elimination profiles of the antibiotics, identify the fate characteristics in both
sewers and WWTPs, assess the exposure risk levels, and propose a control strategy. The total concentration (based on the median concentrations of the target antibiotics) in aqueous waters was estimated to decrease from 7383.4 ng/L at the discharge source to 886.6 ng/L in the WWTP effluent, among which 69.6% was reduced by
sewers and 18.4% was reduced by WWTPs. Antibiotic reduction in
sewers was a combined effect of dilution, physiochemical reactions, sorption, biodegradation, and retransformation, and the A2O-MBR + ozonation process in the WWTPs exhibited superior performance in diminishing antibiotics. Notably, accumulated antibiotics in the excess sludge posed a high risk to natural environments (with a risk quotient of approximately 13.0), and the potential risk during combined sewer overflows (CSOs) was undetermined. Thus, enhanced sludge treatment techniques, accurate risk prediction, and proper precautions at CSOs are required to mitigate potential risk. A novel scheme involving an accurate estimation of discharge loads, preliminary treatment of highly concentrated discharge sources, and synergic control in
sewers was proposed to eliminate antibiotics at the front end of pipes.