在国际科学文献中确定在其职业生涯中提高生物医学科学女性学者和研究人员地位的障碍和潜在促进者。
PubMed,Scopus,CinahlPlus,Cochrane系统评价数据库,在2006年1月至2016年12月期间,系统地搜索了PsycInfo和社会学摘要以英语和西班牙语发表的有关生物医学科学女性学者和研究人员玻璃天花板现象的文章。筛选由独立审稿人进行。
共发现2254项研究,其中23人被列入审查范围。在提高生物医学科学领域的女学者和/或研究人员方面发现的障碍是:研究结果评估中的性别偏见,个人主义和缺乏合作,女性缺乏影响力,在就业方面存在性别不平等。对工作环境中性别歧视和歧视的看法,以及调和工作和家庭生活的困难。促进因素有:妇女担任领导职务的例子,指导,促进调解,招聘的透明度,参与决策,研究的性别评估,对机构中性别不平等的认识,促进合作,和支付公平。
通过增强有利于促进生物医学领域学术女性的要素,将有助于通过增加女性学者和健康科学研究人员的参与度来减少女性学者和健康科学研究人员职业道路中的玻璃天花板,领导和代表。为此,需要改变组织和机构价值观。
To identify in the international scientific literature the obstacles and potential promoters for the advancement of women academics and researchers in biomedical sciences during their professional careers.
PubMed, Scopus, CinahlPlus, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, PsycInfo and Sociological Abstracts were systematically searched for articles published in English and Spanish between January 2006 and December 2016 on the phenomenon of the glass ceiling in women academics and researchers in biomedical sciences. The screening was carried out by independent reviewers.
A total of 2254 studies were found, of which 23 were included in the review. The obstacles identified for the promotion of women academics and/or researchers in biomedical sciences are: gender bias in the evaluation of research results, individualism and lack of collaboration, women\'s lack of influence, the existence of gender inequalities in access to employment. The perception of sexism and discrimination in the work environment, and the difficulties in reconciling work and family life. The promoting elements are: examples of women in leadership positions, mentoring, facilitating conciliation, transparency in recruitment, participation in decision-making, gender assessment of research, awareness of gender inequalities in institutions, promoting collaboration, and pay equity.
By enhancing the elements favouring the promotion of academic women in biomedical sciences would help to reduce the glass ceiling in the career paths of women academics and health science researchers by increasing their participation, leadership and representation. A change of organizational and institutional values is required to achieve this.