The use of anticoagulants in Lemierre\'s syndrome is not well-defined, lacking clear evidence for their efficacy. This report describes a patient with complete occlusion of the internal jugular vein by a thrombus who did not develop expected complications due to the formation of collateral venous channels.

18F-FDG-PET/CT is indicated in the workup of patients with suspected infective endocarditis to detect intra-cardiac and disseminated infections, as well as its source. We present the case of a 66-year-old female patient known for recurrent diabetic foot infection, with equivocal TTE results and persistent MRSA bacteremia despite medical management. PET/CT revealed evidence of left foot osteomyelitis. Whole body PET/CT diagnosed native mitral valve infective endocarditis (IE) and right lower lobe segmental pulmonary artery uptake, consistent with septic pulmonary embolism (PE).

Septic pulmonary embolism (SPE) represents the occurrence of septic thrombi in circulation, originating from an extrapulmonary infectious source. Perianal and perirectal abscesses are frequently encountered anorectal issues, often stemming from obstructed anal crypt glands, resulting in pus accumulation within the subcutaneous tissue and intersphincteric plane. Timely surgical drainage is essential upon diagnosis of anorectal abscesses. Adult males exhibit a twofold higher incidence of anorectal abscesses and fistulae compared to females, with common symptoms including excruciating anal or rectal pain. This case report details the presentation and management of a 42-year-old male patient afflicted by Klebsiella pneumonia perianal abscesses that led to SPE. The report underscores the importance of recognizing and treating anorectal abscesses promptly to avert potentially life-threatening complications such as sepsis and fistulae.

Septic pulmonary embolism (SPE) can originate from unusual sources like small boils, warranting consideration of diverse etiologies in respiratory distress. Prompt diagnosis, tailored antibiotics, and vigilant complication management optimize outcomes. Early recognition and treatment of minor infections, especially in diabetes are crucial.

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BACKGROUND: Listeria monocytogenes is a bacterial pathogen known for causing listeriosis, a foodborne illness with a wide spectrum of clinical presentations ranging from mild gastroenteritis to severe invasive disease, particularly affecting immunocompromised individuals, pregnant women, newborns, and the elderly. Successful treatment of patients with recurring listeria episodes due to colonised foreign material is often challenging, typically requiring a combination of antimicrobial treatment and surgical removal.
METHODS: Here, we present a particularly complex case of chronic invasive listeriosis with a total of six relapses. After extensive investigations, the patient\'s ICD device was identified as the focus of infection.
CONCLUSIONS: The confirmation of relapses through cgMLST analysis highlights the persistence of Listeria monocytogenes and the potential for recurrence even after apparent resolution of symptoms in patients with foreign material. It emphasises the necessity for a comprehensive assessment to identify and mitigate the risk of relapses, thereby ensuring optimal management and outcomes.

Septic pulmonary embolism rarely occurs in children, displaying fairly distinctive radiological features that can, however, lead to misdiagnosis. We present a case of an Indonesian pediatric patient with an infection originating from cellulitis in his right calf, who underwent a chest X-ray followed by a CT scan. The findings from these examinations revealed characteristics consistent with septic pulmonary embolism, correlating with the growth of both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria in microbiological cultures obtained from wound specimens, as indicated in the literature. Awareness of specific imaging features is crucial for accurately diagnosing septic pulmonary embolism in this case and initiating appropriate treatment.

UNASSIGNED: Non-thrombotic pulmonary embolism, an uncommon entity, is defined as the embolization of tissues, microorganisms, air, or foreign material. One subset in this non-thrombotic category is septic pulmonary embolism (SPE) that refers to embolism of microorganisms with or without a thrombotic mantle into the pulmonary vasculature. This condition is often recognized on the basis of imaging with a clinical correlation. Unfortunately, data regarding the pathological features are meager. This has prompted to review such cases at autopsy.
UNASSIGNED: To study the pathological features of SPE at autopsy.
UNASSIGNED: Ten-year (2012 to 2021) autopsy records of the hospital were retrospectively reviewed. The diagnosis was based on the identification of acute necrotizing pulmonary arteritis with peri-bronchoarterial consolidation. These cases were analyzed with reference to the demographics, clinical characteristics, and pulmonary/extrapulmonary findings at autopsy.
UNASSIGNED: Nil.
UNASSIGNED: According to the inclusion criterion, 19 cases demonstrated the presence of SPE. There were 11 men and 8 women with a mean age of 32.1 years. The major source of infection included infection arising from skin and musculo-skeletal system (11 patients, 59.7%). The common clinical presentation included fever, dyspnea, chest pain, hemoptysis, and altered sensorium. The cause of death was mainly due to septicemia and/or confluent lung consolidations. A large number of bacterial colonies were seen in all; Candida species were also identified in two cases. Other lung findings included diffuse alveolar damage, fresh arterial thrombosis, infarction, arterial pseudo-aneurysms, abscess formation, and pyogenic pleuritis.
UNASSIGNED: Presence of an extrapulmonary infection with persistent fever, bacteremia, and pulmonary complaints should raise suspicion for this entity, particularly in resource-poor settings, to prevent grave pulmonary complications.

Infective endocarditis (IE) is a relatively rare but life-threatening condition with potential complications such as valve dysfunction, abscess formation, development of penetrating lesions and embolization of septic material. In this case report, we describe the case of a 56-year-old with IE involving the tricuspid valve and resulting in near total occlusion of the right pulmonary artery due to embolization of a massive piece of septic material. While embolization of septic material is well documented, associated occlusion of the right pulmonary artery is rare.
Infective endocarditis (IE) is a rare but life-threatening condition with potential complications such as heart valve dysfunction, formation of collections of infected material, development of defects in the heart, and the travel of infected material causing blockages. In this case report, we describe the case of a 56-year-old with IE involving one of the heart valves and resulting in near total blockage of one of the main blood vessels to the lungs due to the dislodgement of a large piece of infected material. While dislodgement and travel of infected material is well documented, associated blockages of the main arteries is rare.

Upper airway infections caused by anaerobic bacteria, including pharyngitis and tonsillitis, are a common cause of septic thrombosis (Lemierre\'s syndrome). Although otitis media rarely progresses to systemic infection, an abscess surrounding the middle ear can affect the central nervous system. Trueperella bernardiae was originally considered a non-pathogenic aerobic bacterium but has subsequently been reported to cause bacteremia and brain abscesses. Here, we report a case of otitis media caused by T. bernardiae complicated by meningitis, subdural empyema, and septic pulmonary emboli in an immunocompetent patient.