泥沙疏浚对湖泊内部负荷控制有很大作用,是湖泊内部负荷管理的重要方法之一。在这项研究中,以太湖疏浚区为主要对象。对十年来太湖全湖内部负荷的减少进行了估算。同时,我们评估了沉积物疏浚对太湖北部地区(竹山湾和梅良湾)内部负荷控制的影响。结果表明,太湖共疏通了4200万块沉积物,和总氮,总磷,疏浚沉积物中的有机物估计约为6.26×104吨,1.83×104吨,11.7×105吨,分别。这大致相当于太湖20年积累的外部负荷污染。从长远来看,泥沙疏浚可以在五年内有效提高梅良湾的水质,并且外部负荷得到有效控制。然而,美良湾水质随后回升,但是疏浚仍然降低了表层沉积物中的氮和磷含量。相反,疏浚不能有效控制竹山湾的内部负荷,仍然有很大的外部负载输入。泥沙内部荷载量恢复到疏浚前期的原始水平。在为期六年的持续监测珠山湾底栖生物群落中,结果表明,泥沙疏浚最初会对泥沙疏浚产生负面影响,但疏浚区底栖生物的密度和生物量后来恢复到未疏浚水平。关于底栖生物的多样性指数,疏浚区和未疏浚区之间没有差异。研究结果表明,泥沙疏浚可以有效控制湖泊内部负荷。然而,疏浚效果的维持期与外部载荷的输入强度密切相关。此外,沉积物疏浚对底栖生物群落没有很大影响,可以根据自我恢复恢复到原始水平。
Sediment dredging has a great effect on the control of lake internal loading and is one of the important methods for lake internal loading management. In this study, the dredged area of Taihu Lake was used as the main object. An estimation of the reduction in whole lake internal loading of Taihu Lake in decade years was carried out. At the same time, we evaluated the effect of sediment dredging on the control of internal loading in the northern area of Taihu Lake (Zhushan Bay and Meiliang Bay). The results indicated that a total of 42 million cubes of sediment was dredged from Taihu Lake, and the total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and organic matter in the dredged sediment was estimated to be approximately 6.26×104 tons, 1.83×104 tons, and 11.7×105 tons, respectively. This was roughly equal to the 20 years of external loading pollution accumulated in Taihu Lake. From a long-term perspective, sediment dredging could effectively increase the water quality of Meiliang Bay within five years and that where the external loading has been controlled effectively. However, the water quality of Meiliang Bay subsequently rebounded, but dredging still reduced the nitrogen and phosphorus content in surface sediment. On the contrary, dredging could not effectively control the internal loading of Zhushan Bay, which still had a large input of external loading. The amount of sediment internal loading recovered to the original level of the pre-dredging period. In a six-year-long period of continuous monitoring of the benthic organism community of Zhushan Bay, the results indicated that sediment dredging could cause negative effects on sediment dredging initially, but the density and biomass of the benthic organisms in the dredged area had later been recovered to the un-dredged level. There was no difference between the dredged and un-dredged areas with regard to the diversity indices of benthic organisms. The results of this study indicated that sediment dredging can effectively control the lake internal loading. However, the maintenance period of dredging effects was related closely to the input intensity of the external loading. In addition, sediment dredging did not have a large influence on the benthic organism community and could recover to the original level depending on self-recovery.