UNASSIGNED: Refractory gastroesophageal reflux disease (refractory GERD) is a heterogeneous disease characterized by unresponsiveness or poor efficacy to proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs). This chronic disorder substantially weakens patients\' mental wellbeing and quality of life, increasing the financial burden on society. Multiple articles have been reported in this area. However, literature involving scientometric analysis of refractory GERD is absent. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the evolution of research themes and the main hotspots of refractory GERD through bibliometric methods.
UNASSIGNED: All documents related to refractory GERD based on the WOS Core Collection from January 2000 to November 2023 were selected for analysis. Citespace V 6.1 R6, VOSviewer V 1.6.20, and Scimago Graphica V 1.0.38 were used to perform bibliometric analysis.
UNASSIGNED: We collected a total of 241 research articles from 36 countries and 322 institutions, contributed by over 1,000 authors. Over the last 20 years, the number of articles in this field has increased year by year, and since 2011, the number of publications has increased dramatically, with 85.89% of the papers. These countries are led by the United States and Japan. GUT had the highest number of citations and DIGESTION had the highest number of publications. Research on standardized diagnosis and management, mechanisms, novel monitoring methods, and innovative drugs and procedures for refractory GERD are the main topics and hotspots in this field. This study also found that neuroimmune interaction is closely related to refractory GERD, which may be a new direction for future mechanism research.
UNASSIGNED: Our study is the first bibliometric analysis of the global literature on refractory GERD. This research provides valuable insights for researchers, enabling them to quickly understand the research frontier and hot topics of this field.

Sea turtles are one of the most significant groups of marine species, playing a key role in the sustainability and conservation of marine ecosystems and the food chain. These emblematic species are threatened by several natural and anthropogenic pressures, and climate change is increasingly reported as one of the most important threats to sea turtles, affecting sea turtles at all stages of their life cycle and at both their marine and coastal habitats. The effect of climate change is expressed as global warming, sea-level rise, extreme storms, and alterations in predation and diseases\' patterns, posing a potentially negative impact on sea turtles. In this systematic review, the author presented the current knowledge and research outcomes on the impact of climate change on sea turtles. Moreover, this study determined trends and hotspots in keywords, country collaborations, authors, and publications in the field through a scientometric analysis. Finally, this article reviewed proposed mitigation strategies by researchers, marine protected area (MPA) managers, and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) to reduce the impact of climate change on the conservation of sea turtles.

There is an absent systematic analysis or review that has been conducted to clarify the topic of nomenclature history and terms misuse about Chiari malformations (CMs). We reviewed all reports on terms coined for CMs for rational use and provided their etymology and future development. All literature on the nomenclature of CMs was retrieved and extracted into core terms. Subsequently, keyword analysis, preceding and predicting (2023-2025) compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of each core term, was calculated using a mathematical formula and autoregressive integrated moving average model in Python. Totally 64,527 CM term usage was identified. Of these, 57 original terms were collected and then extracted into 24 core-terms. Seventeen terms have their own featured author keywords, while seven terms are homologous. The preceding CAGR of 24 terms showed significant growth in use for 18 terms, while 13, three, three, and five terms may show sustained growth, remain stable, decline, and rare in usage, respectively, in the future. Previously, owing to intricate nomenclature, Chiari terms were frequently misused, and numerous seemingly novel but worthless even improper terms have emerged. For a very basic neuropathological phenomenon tonsillar herniation by multiple etiology, a mechanism-based nosology seems to be more conducive to future communication than an umbrella eponym. However, a good nomenclature also should encapsulate all characteristics of this condition, but this is lacking in current CM research, as the pathophysiological mechanisms are not elucidated for the majority of CMs.

Brand attitude has been the primary concern for corporation sustainability for a long. Studies have focused on various attributes concerning brand attitude comprising of many research articles. This study focuses on bibliometric analysis of brand attitude examining 1497 documents published for the years 1944-2021. The purpose of this study is to examine historic research trends, developments, and future conduits based on co-authorship and co-occurrence analysis using VOSviewer. The study highlights the most prolific articles containing the most productive authors and their affiliations, keywords, and influential journals, along with future research trends. The result shows that the number of publications follows a very slow trail until 2008, mildly until 2012, following which the cumulative growth in publication increased manifold. Further, results show that researchers from the United States, South Korea, and Taiwan extended many efforts to the global knowledge of literature leading other countries. The emerging hotspot keywords analysis suggests that brand avoidance, subtle, brand betrayal, consumer ethnocentrism, environmental sustainability and policy, brand activism, brand authenticity, consumer brand engagement, and brand competence are the key areas that attract researchers\' attention policymakers as future research boulevards. In the case of consumers\' brand attitudes, there is a scarcity of studies that investigated the consumers\' implicit and explicit brand attitudes.

Nanomedicine has been extensively studied for its versatility and broad-spectrum applications of theranostics in the research of respiratory disease. However, to the best of our knowledge, a scientometrics study based on the scientific knowledge assay of the overall situation on nanomedicine applied in the research of respiratory disease has not been reported so far, which would be of major importance to relevant researchers. To explore and exhibit the research status and developing trend of nanomedicines deployed in basic or clinical research in respiratory disease, the research ecosystem and exciting subareas were profiled based on the massive data mining and visualization from the relevant works reported from 2006 to 2021. Data were collected from the Web of Science database. Data statistics software and bibliometric analysis software were employed to visualize the research trend and the relationship between respiratory diseases and nanomedicines in each representative direction. The cluster analysis and burst detections indicated that the improvement of drug delivery and vaccine developments are the up-to-date key directions in nanomedicines for respiratory disease research and treatments. Furthermore, we emphatically studied four branch areas in this field including COVID-19, nanotube, respiratory syncytial virus, and mRNA vaccine those are selected for in-depth mining and bibliometric coupling analysis. Research trends signify the future focuses will center on preventing respiratory diseases with mRNA vaccines using nanoparticle-based approaches. We anticipate our study will enable researchers to have the panorama and deep insights in this area, thus inspiriting further exploitations especially the nanobiomaterial-based systems for theranostic applications in respiratory disease treatment.

Diabetic foot (DF) has become a serious health problem in modern society, and it has been a hotspot of research for a long time. However, little scientometric analysis has been carried out on DF. In the present study, we analysed 8633 literature reports on DF in the Web of Science Core Collection from database inception until April 23, 2022. VOSviewer (Centre for Science and Technology Studies at Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands) and CiteSpace (College of Computing and Informatics, Drexel University, Philadelphia, United States) were employed to address high-impact countries and institutions, journals, references, research hotspots, and key research fields in DF research. Our analysis findings indicated that publications on DF have increased markedly since 2016 and were primarily published in the United States of America. The recent studies focus on the amniotic membrane, foot ulcers, osteomyelitis, and diabetic wound healing. The five keyword clusters, which included DF ulcer and wound healing therapies, management and guidelines, neuropathy and plantar pressure, amputation and ischemia, and DF infection and osteomyelitis, are helpful for enhancing prevention, standardising treatment, avoiding complications, and improving prognosis. These findings indicated a method for future therapies and research in DF.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is currently rampant worldwide, resulting in unpredictable harm to humans. High blood levels of cytokines and chemokines have been marked in patients with COVID-19 infection, leading to cytokine storm syndrome. Cytokine storms are violent inflammatory immune responses that reveal the devastating effect of immune dysregulation and the critical role of an effective host immune response.
Scientometric analysis summarizes the literature on cytokine storms in recent decades and provides a valuable and timely approach to tracking the development of new trends. This review summarizes the pathogenesis and treatment of diseases associated with cytokine storms comprehensively based on scientometric analysis.
Field distribution, knowledge structure, and research topic evolution correlated with cytokine storms are revealed, and the occurrence, development, and treatment of disease relevant to cytokine storms are illustrated.
Cytokine storms can be induced by pathogens and iatrogenic causes and can also occur in the context of autoimmune diseases and monogenic diseases as well. These reveal the multidisciplinary nature of cytokine storms and remind the complexity of the pathophysiological features, clinical presentation, and management. Overall, this scientometric study provides a macroscopic presentation and further direction for researchers who focus on cytokine storms.

Multiple studies on the pathomechanisms of depressive disorder and antidepressants have been reported. However, literature involving scientometric analysis of depressive disorder is sparse. Here, we use scientometric analysis and a historical review to highlight recent research on depression. We use the former to examine research on depressive disorders from 1998 to 2018. The latter is used to identify the most frequent keywords in keyword analysis, as well as explore hotspots and depression trends. Scientometric analysis uncovered field distribution, knowledge structure, research topic evolution, and topics emergence as main explorations in depressive disorder. Induction factor, comorbidity, pathogenesis, therapy and animal models of depression help illustrate occurrence, development and treatment of depressive disorder. Scientometric analysis found 231,270 research papers on depression, a 4-fold increase over the last 20 years. These findings offer a vigorous roadmap for further studies in this field.

Introduction: Breast cancer is one of the highest reasons of deaths for people in the world. The objective of current study is to analyze and visualize the trend of global scientific activities in the field of breast cancer during a period of 10 years through 2006-2015. Methods: The current study was performed by utilizing the scientometrics analysis and mapping the co-authorship and co-organization networks. The Web of Science Core Collection (WoS-CC)database was used to extract all papers indexed as a topic of breast cancer through 2006 to 2015. Research productivity was measured through analysis several parameters, including: the number and time course of publications, the journal and language of publications, the frequency and type of publications, as well as top 20 active sub-categories together with country contribution. The extracted data were transferred into the Excel charts and plotted as diagrams. The Science of Science (Sci2) and CiteSpace softwares were used as tools for mapping the co-authorship and co-organization networks of the published papers. Results: Analysis of data indicated that the number of publications in the field of breast cancer has linearly increased and correlated with the time-course of the study. The number of publication indexed in WoS-CC in 2015 was two times greater than that of 2006, which reached from 15 229 documents in 2006 to 30 667 documents in 2015. English Language accounted for 98% of total publications as the most dominant language. The vast majority of publications\' type was in the form of original journal articles (64.7%). Based on Bradford scatterings law, the journal of \"Cancer Research\" was the most productive journal among the core journals, while the USA, China, and England were the most prolific countries in the field. The co-organization network indicated the dominant role of Harvard University in the field. Conclusion: The integrity of network indicated that scientists in the field of breast cancer working collaboratively to tackle the number one threat in women health.

Scientific Productivity is a demand of policy makers for a judicious utilization of massive R&D budget allocated and utilized. A huge mass of intellectual assets is employed, which after investing manpower, infrastructure and lab consumables demand for a major outcome which contributes towards building nation\'s economy. Scientific productivity was only measured through publications or patents. Patents, earmarked as a strong parameter for innovation generation, where, Word Intellectual Property Organisation generated a data on applications for the top 20 offices for patents, where Australia, Brazil and Canada occupied top 3 positions. India ranked 9th with the total patent applications rising from 39762 (2010) to 42854 (2014) i.e. 15%, whereas, it contributes around 2% Patents (innovative productivity) on global scale. Many studies have come forward interestingly within scientific and academic domains in the form of measurement of scientific performance, however, development of productivity indicators and calculation of Scientific Productivity (SP) as a holistic evaluation system is a significant demand. SP, a herculean task is envisaged for productivity analysis and would submit significant factors towards fabricating an effective measurement engine in a holistic manner viable for an individual and organization, being supplementary to each other. This review projects the significance of performance measurement system in R&D through identification and standardization of key parameters. It also includes emphasis on inclusion of standardized parameters, effective for performance measurement which is applicable for scientists, technical staff as well as lab as a facility. This review aims at providing an insight to the evaluators, policy makers, and high level scientific panels to stimulate the scientific intellects on identified indicators so that their work proceeds to generate productive outcome contributing to the economic growth.