背景:动眼回路跨越许多与精神疾病有关的皮质和皮质下区域。这个,结合以前的发现,提示眼动追踪可能是研究饮食失调的有用方法。因此,这项研究旨在评估有或没有进食障碍的青少年的动眼行为。
方法:患有和不患有饮食失调的女性青年完成了一项结构化任务,其中包括使用基于视频的眼动追踪进行随机交错的前视(朝向刺激)和反扫视(远离刺激)试验。扫视的差异(两点之间的快速眼动),检查了眨眼和瞳孔。
结果:将患有饮食失调的青年(n=65,Mage=17.16±3.5岁)与健康对照组(HC;n=65,Mage=17.88±4.3岁)进行比较。进食障碍组由神经性厌食症患者组成(n=49),神经性贪食症(n=7)和其他特定的进食或进食障碍(n=9)。进食障碍组进一步分为两个亚组:患有限制性谱系进食障碍(ED-R;n=43)或贪食谱系进食障碍(ED-BP;n=22)的个体。在支持扫视的试验中,进食障碍组的固定断裂明显多于HC(F(1,128)=5.33,p=0.023)。ED-BP小组进行了最预期的扫视,其次是ED-R,然后是HC(F(2,127)=3.38,p=0.037)。各组在正确的表达或常规的潜伏期前扫视的比率上没有差异。在反扫视试验中,各组仅在校正的方向误差百分比上存在显着差异(F(2,127)=4.554,p=0.012)。与HC相比,进食障碍组的基线瞳孔大小明显较小(F(2,127)=3.60,p=0.030),扫视前扩张速度较慢(F(2,127)=3.30,p=0.040)。ED-R组在试验间隔(ITI)期间眨眼概率最低,其次是ED-BP,其中HC具有最高的ITI闪烁概率(F(2,125)=3.63,p=0.029)。
结论:这些结果表明,患有进食障碍的青少年在结构化眼动追踪任务中可能具有不同的动眼行为。在这项研究中观察到的动眼行为差异为确定进食障碍的神经生物学和认知贡献迈出了重要的一步。
基于视频的眼动追踪是研究患有和不患有感兴趣的精神疾病的个体之间的差异的有前途的方法。虽然一些研究探索了进食障碍患者的动眼行为,还有很多未知。本研究调查了扫视(两点之间的快速眼动),在进行扫视(看一点)和反扫视(看一点)眼动跟踪任务期间,有和没有进食障碍的女性青年(10-25岁)之间的眨眼和瞳孔反应。患有饮食失调的人做出了更多的前视猜测,在试验开始之前,瞳孔大小较小,眨眼次数较少。在患有限制性进食障碍的个体中(例如,神经性厌食症限制性型),瞳孔反应可能与情绪失调(情绪调节不良)有关。总的来说,这项研究为确定进食障碍患者与对照组的动眼行为差异迈出了重要一步.
BACKGROUND: The oculomotor circuit spans many cortical and subcortical areas that have been implicated in psychiatric disease. This, combined with previous findings, suggests that eye tracking may be a useful method to investigate eating disorders. Therefore, this study aimed to assess oculomotor behaviors in youth with and without an eating disorder.
METHODS: Female youth with and without an eating disorder completed a structured task involving randomly interleaved pro-
saccade (toward at a stimulus) and anti-
saccade (away from stimulus) trials with video-based eye tracking. Differences in saccades (rapid eye movements between two points), eye blinks and pupil were examined.
RESULTS: Youth with an eating disorder (n = 65, Mage = 17.16 ± 3.5 years) were compared to healthy controls (HC; n = 65, Mage = 17.88 ± 4.3 years). The eating disorder group was composed of individuals with anorexia nervosa (n = 49), bulimia nervosa (n = 7) and other specified feeding or eating disorder (n = 9). The eating disorder group was further divided into two subgroups: individuals with a restrictive spectrum eating disorder (ED-R; n = 43) or a bulimic spectrum eating disorder (ED-BP; n = 22). In pro-
saccade trials, the eating disorder group made significantly more fixation breaks than HCs (F(1,128) = 5.33, p = 0.023). The ED-BP group made the most anticipatory pro-saccades, followed by ED-R, then HCs (F(2,127) = 3.38, p = 0.037). Groups did not differ on rate of correct express or regular latency pro-saccades. In anti-
saccade trials, groups only significantly differed on percentage of direction errors corrected (F(2, 127) = 4.554, p = 0.012). The eating disorder group had a significantly smaller baseline pupil size (F(2,127) = 3.60, p = 0.030) and slower pro-saccade dilation velocity (F(2,127) = 3.30, p = 0.040) compared to HCs. The ED-R group had the lowest blink probability during the intertrial interval (ITI), followed by ED-BP, with HCs having the highest ITI blink probability (F(2,125) = 3.63, p = 0.029).
CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that youth with an eating disorder may have different oculomotor behaviors during a structured eye tracking task. The oculomotor behavioral differences observed in this study presents an important step towards identifying neurobiological and cognitive contributions towards eating disorders.
Video based eye tracking is a promising method for studying differences between individuals with and without a psychiatric disease of interest. While some studies have explored oculomotor behaviors in individuals with an eating disorder, much remains unknown. The present study investigated saccades (fast eye movements between two points), eye blinks and pupil responses between female youth (aged 10–25 years) with and without an eating disorder during a pro-saccade (looking at a point) and anti-
saccade (looking away from a point) eye tracking task. Individuals with an eating disorder made more pro-saccade guesses, had a smaller pupil size and blinked less before a trial started. In individuals with a restrictive type eating disorder (e.g., anorexia nervosa restrictive type), pupil responses may have a relationship with emotional dysregulation (poorly regulated emotional responses). Overall, this study represents an important step towards identifying oculomotor behavior differences in individuals with an eating disorder compared to controls.