近几十年来,人们对环境约束的认识提高,导致雨水管理纳入了质量组成部分,并将重点放在污染源区域的城市径流水处理上。这项研究评估了一种发达类型的沉积物捕集器的影响,安装在雨水入口,芬兰城市中心集水区的总悬浮固体(TSS)负荷。目的是概述一种建模方法,以评估陷阱的效率,以处理来自不同土地用途的TSS(绿色区域,路面,停车,屋顶,街道,和其他不属于主要土地用途的区域)。Lahti市中心5.87公顷集水区的雨水管理模型(SWMM)参数化,芬兰被用作计算引擎。该模型对每种土地利用都有单独的子集水区,允许使用基于文献的事件平均浓度(EMC)来估算土地利用的TSS污染物浓度。介绍了一种评估单个雨水入口污染物负荷和沉积物捕集器潜在去除效果的方法。水文和TSS负荷模拟涵盖了6个月的时间。安装有沉积物捕集器的雨水网络入口根据其潜在的TSS去除进行排名。选择了五个EMC集合中的一个来代表研究地点的城市土地用途(绿色区域75mg/l,路面46毫克/升,停车44毫克/升,屋顶20毫克/升,街道64毫克/升,其他46毫克/升)。模拟结果表明了土地利用对污染物负荷的影响,并揭示了沉积物陷阱的最佳位置集。此外,定期维护间隔对污染物负荷的影响,给定陷阱的最大存储容量,被探索了。结果表明,根据为沉积物捕集器选择的入口,TSS的去除量有很大的变化,去除率约为流域TSS负荷的0%至10%。最大TSS去除率为63%,这是陷阱的报告效率。这些结果强调了在选择陷阱位置时需要做出明智的决定。街道和停车场是最大的TSS贡献者,街道上的雨水入口是所需的沉积物陷阱位置。虽然发现模拟TSS负载的绝对水平取决于EMC,对于使用不同EMC数据集的模拟,沉积物陷阱位置的排名相似。
Raised awareness of environmental constraints in recent decades has led stormwater management to incorporate quality components and focus on the treatment of urban runoff water at pollutant source areas. This study evaluated the impact of a developed type of sediment trap, installed into stormwater inlets, on the total suspended solids (TSS) load in an urban city center catchment in Finland. The objective was to outline a modelling approach to assess efficiency of the traps to treat TSS originating from different land uses (green areas, pavement, parking, roof, street, and other areas not belonging to the main land uses). A Storm Water Management Model (
SWMM) parametrization of a 5.87 ha catchment in the Lahti city center, Finland was utilized as the computation engine. The model had separate subcatchments for each land use, allowing the use of literature-based Event Mean Concentrations (EMC) to estimate the TSS pollutant washoff for the land uses. A method to assess the individual stormwater inlet pollutant loads and potential removal effect of the sediment traps was introduced. The hydrological and TSS load simulations covered a period of 6 months. The stormwater network inlets installed with sediment traps were ranked according to their potential removal of TSS. One out of five EMC sets was selected to be representative of the urban land uses in the study site (green areas 75 mg/l, pavement 46 mg/l, parking 44 mg/l, roof 20 mg/l, street 64 mg/l, other 46 mg/l). The simulation results showed the influence of land uses on the pollutant load and revealed the optimal set of locations for the sediment traps. Additionally, the effect of regular maintenance intervals on the pollutant load, given a maximum storage capacity of the traps, was explored. The results showed a large variation in TSS removal depending on the inlets chosen for the sediment traps, with removal rates ranging from about 0 % to 10 % of catchment TSS load. The maximum TSS removal was 63 %, which was the reported efficiency of the traps. These results highlighted the need for an informed decision when selecting trap locations. Streets and parking lots were the largest TSS contributors, with stormwater inlets on streets being the desired sediment trap locations. While the absolute level of simulated TSS load was found to be dependent on the EMCs, the ranking of sediment trap locations was similar for the simulations with different EMC data sets.