背景低级别纤维粘液样肉瘤(LGFMS)和硬化性上皮样纤维肉瘤(SEF)是两种罕见但侵袭性软组织肉瘤,由于组织病理学相似性,难以区分。本研究检查了粘蛋白4(MUC4)的诊断能力,跨膜粘蛋白,识别不同类型的肉瘤,并扩大其评估范围,以包括广泛的肉瘤。方法使用小鼠抗MUC4单克隆抗体对来自各种肉瘤的组织样品进行免疫组织化学(IHC)检查。在用小鼠抗MUC4单克隆抗体进行压力锅抗原恢复后,在4mm厚的福尔马林固定的石蜡包埋的组织切片上进行IHC。结果MUC4在SEF(n=13)和LGFMS(n=10)中高表达,而滑膜肉瘤的局灶性阳性(n=1)。其他肉瘤,如恶性周围神经鞘瘤,纤维肉瘤,平滑肌肉瘤,脂肪肉瘤,和粘液纤维肉瘤,未表现出表达(n=0)。这些发现与先前的研究一致,并且支持MUC4特异性作为SEF和LGFMS标志物。这项研究提供了有关MUC4的诊断功效的信息,特别是在某些亚型的情况下。它不仅有助于我们理解这些独特的实例,但它也为软组织肉瘤的组织病理学和IHC发现提供了背景。此外,这项研究调查了年龄和性别对一系列肉瘤中MUC4表达的影响,这在文献中通常被研究不足,发现与MUC4的表达没有关系。结论总之,这项研究通过强调MUC4在某些肉瘤亚型中的关键作用,同时承认肉瘤景观的复杂多样性,增加了我们对软组织肉瘤的理解。需要进一步的研究来了解控制标记表达模式的分子机制,以及治疗意义。
Background Low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma (LGFMS) and sclerosing epithelioid fibrosarcoma (
SEF) are two rare but aggressive soft tissue sarcomas that can be difficult to distinguish due to histopathological similarities. The present study examines the diagnostic capacities of mucin-4 (MUC4), a transmembrane mucin, in identifying different types of sarcomas and broadens its evaluation to include a wide range of sarcomas. Methods Immunohistochemical (IHC) examination of tissue samples from various sarcomas was performed using a mouse anti-MUC4 monoclonal antibody. IHC was conducted on 4-mm thick formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue sections after pressure cooker antigen retrieval with a mouse anti-MUC4 monoclonal antibody. Results MUC4 was shown to be highly expressed in
SEF (n=13) and LGFMS (n=10), while focal positivity in synovial sarcoma (n=1). Other sarcomas, such as malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors, fibrosarcoma, leiomyosarcoma, liposarcoma, and myxofibrosarcoma, exhibited no expression (n=0). These findings are consistent with previous research and support MUC4 specificity as a
SEF and LGFMS marker. This study provides information on the diagnostic efficacy of MUC4, particularly in the context of certain subtypes. It not only helps our understanding of these unique instances, but it also provides context for histopathological and IHC findings in soft tissue sarcoma. Furthermore, this study investigates the influence of age and gender on MUC4 expression in a range of sarcomas, which was typically understudied in the literature and found no relation with expression of MUC4. Conclusion In conclusion, this study adds to our understanding of soft tissue sarcomas by emphasizing the crucial role of MUC4 in certain sarcoma subtypes while acknowledging the complex variety of the sarcoma landscape. Further research is needed to understand the molecular mechanism that governs marker expression patterns, as well as the therapeutic implications.