背景:脓毒症是由病原微生物引发的,导致全身炎症反应。肝硬化和败血症造成一个恶性循环:肝硬化削弱免疫功能,增加感染风险和阻碍病原体清除。最佳治疗结果取决于了解肝硬化患者败血症的危险因素。因此,预防败血症涉及解决这些危险因素.因此,早期识别和了解肝硬化脓毒症患者的临床特点对选择合适的抗生素至关重要。采用logistic回归进行病例对照研究,以检查淀粉样蛋白A/乳酸水平监测在确定肝硬化患者脓毒症危险因素中的预后价值。
方法:2020年3月至2022年3月,我院收治的136例肝硬化患者根据脓毒症并发症分为脓毒症组(n=35)和非脓毒症组(n=101)。收集一般临床数据。单因素分析筛选肝硬化患者脓毒症危险因素。随后采用多因素logistic分析来评估危险因素。脓毒症患者随访一个月。根据预后,患者分为预后不良组(n=16)和预后良好组(n=19).比较两组患者血清淀粉样蛋白A(SAA)和血乳酸(BLA)水平。受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线用于评估单独和联合SAA/BLA监测的预后价值。
结果:患者数据,包括年龄,糖尿病史,肝癌,肝动脉栓塞,最近使用抗生素,两周内的侵入性手术,阿帕赫二世得分,ALB和SAA和BLA水平,在脓毒症和非脓毒症组之间进行比较,差异显著(P<0.05)。Logistic回归确定的因素,如年龄≥70岁,最近使用抗生素,最近的侵入性程序,肝癌病史,肝动脉栓塞史,APACHEII分数很高,白蛋白减少,SAA和BLA水平升高是肝硬化患者脓毒症的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。在35例脓毒症患者中,16人预后不良,发病率为45.71%。预后不良组血清SAA、BLA水平明显高于预后良好组(P<0.05)。血清SAA和BLA的AUC为0.831(95CI:0.738-0.924),0.720(95CI:0.600-0.840),和0.909(95CI:0.847-0.972),分别。联合诊断AUC明显高于单因素预测(P<0.05)。预测值排序如下:联合检测>SAA>BLA。
结论:在治疗肝硬化时,优先考虑高龄患者,有肝动脉栓塞史,最近的侵入性手术,肝癌病史,最近的抗生素暴露,高APACHEII评分和低白蛋白。密切监测这些患者的血清SAA和BLA水平可以为早期临床预防和治疗提供有价值的见解。
BACKGROUND: Sepsis is triggered by pathogenic microorganisms, resulting in a systemic inflammatory response. Liver cirrhosis and sepsis create a vicious cycle: cirrhosis weakens immune function, raising infection risk and hindering pathogen clearance. Optimal treatment outcomes depend on understanding liver cirrhosis patients\' sepsis risk factors. Thus, preventing sepsis involves addressing these risk factors. Therefore, early identification and understanding of clinical characteristics in liver cirrhosis patients with sepsis are crucial for selecting appropriate antibiotics. A case-control study using logistic regression was conducted to examine the prognostic value of amyloid A/lactate level monitoring in identifying sepsis risk factors in liver cirrhosis patients.
METHODS: From March 2020 to March 2022, 136 liver cirrhosis patients treated at our hospital were divided into a sepsis group (n = 35) and a non-sepsis group (n = 101) based on sepsis complications. General clinical data were collected. Univariate analysis screened for liver cirrhosis patients\' sepsis risk factors. Multivariate logistic analysis was subsequently employed to evaluate the risk factors. Sepsis patients were followed up for a month. Based on prognosis, patients were categorized into a poor prognosis group (n = 16) and a good prognosis group (n = 19). Serum amyloid A (
SAA) and blood lactic acid (BLA) levels were compared between the two groups. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the prognostic value of both individual and combined
SAA/BLA monitoring.
RESULTS: Patient data, including age, diabetes history, liver cancer, hepatic artery embolization, recent antibiotic use, invasive procedures within two weeks, APACHE II Scoring, ALB and SAA and BLA levels, were compared between the sepsis and non-sepsis groups, showing significant differences (P < 0.05). Logistic regression identified factors such as age ≥ 70, recent antibiotic use, recent invasive procedures, history of liver cancer, hepatic artery embolization history, high APACHE II scores, decreased albumin, and elevated
SAA and BLA levels as independent sepsis risk factors in liver cirrhosis patients (P < 0.05). Among the 35 sepsis patients, 16 had a poor prognosis, representing an incidence rate of 45.71%. Serum SAA and BLA levels were significantly higher in the poor prognosis group than in the good prognosis group (P < 0.05). The AUC for serum
SAA and BLA was 0.831 (95%CI: 0.738-0.924), 0.720 (95%CI: 0.600-0.840), and 0.909 (95%CI: 0.847-0.972), respectively. The combined diagnostic AUC was significantly higher than that of single factor predictions (P < 0.05). The predictive value ranked as follows: joint detection >
SAA > BLA.
CONCLUSIONS: In treating liver cirrhosis, prioritize patients with advanced age, a history of hepatic artery embolization, recent invasive operations, history of liver cancer, recent antibiotic exposure, high APACHE II scores and low albumin. Closely monitoring serum SAA and BLA levels in these patients can offer valuable insights for early clinical prevention and treatment.