乡村振兴意味着农村地区大量人口的聚集以及随后的逐步城市化。在过去的几年中,重金属(HM)使农村环境恶化。没有大规模工业的存在,由于农村环境中的种群聚集,HMs在沉积物中的积累需要科学证实。因此,在这项研究中,我们首先了解了中国和全球农村环境中的沉积物污染,随后研究了农村微水沉积物中的HMs。研究区域,四川省,中国,分为两个区域,即,人口稀少地区(SPA)和人口稠密地区(DPA)。八个典型的HM(作为,Zn,Ni,Hg,Cd,Cr,Cu,和Pb)被选择为河流沉积物中的目标,内容和空间分布特征进行了分析。结果表明,Hg,Cd,沉积物中的Pb浓度高于背景值(BVs),位于DPA中的高浓度采样点。此外,地理积累指数(Igeo),利用污染负荷指数(PLI)和潜在生态风险指数(RI)对沉积物中HMs的污染特征进行定量评价,揭示沉积物在DPA中表现出高砷和汞污染(PLI=1.09)。总的来说,在SPA和DPA的沉积物中观察到轻度(RI=48.76)和中度(RI=154.92)HM污染,分别,基于高PLI(>1.0)和RI(>150)值。相关分析和主成分分析(PCA)表明,沉积物中的Cd一般来源于地质源,而其他元素(Zn,As,Cu,Cr,Hg,Ni和Pb)主要与人为来源有关。最后,结果表明,种群聚集会导致HMs的富集。
Rural revitalization denotes the gathering of large populations in rural areas and the subsequent gradual urbanization. Rural environments have been deteriorated by heavy metals (HMs) over the last few years. Without the existence of large-scale industries, the accumulation of HMs in sediments due to population aggregation in rural environments needs to be scientifically confirmed. Therefore, in this study we first understand the sediment pollution in rural environments in China and across the globe, and subsequently investigate HMs in sediments in rural micro water. The study area, Sichuan Province, China, was divided into two areas, namely, sparsely populated areas (SPA) and densely populated areas (DPA). Eight typical HMs (As, Zn, Ni, Hg, Cd, Cr, Cu, and Pb) were selected to target in riverine sediments, and the content and spatial distribution characteristics were analyzed. The results indicate that As, Hg, Cd, and Pb concentrations in sediments were higher than background values (BVs), with high concentration sample sites located in the DPA. In addition, the geo-accumulation index (Igeo), pollution load index (PLI) and potential ecological risk index (RI) were used to quantitatively evaluate the pollution characteristics of HMs in sediments, revealing that the sediments exhibited high As and Hg pollution in the DPA (PLI = 1.09). In general, mild (RI = 48.76) and moderate (RI = 154.92) HM pollution was observed in the sediments of the SPA and DPA, respectively, based on the high PLI (> 1.0) and RI (> 150) values. Correlation analysis and principal component analysis (PCA) indicate that the Cd in the sediment generally originated from geogenic sources, while the other elements (Zn, As, Cu, Cr, Hg, Ni and Pb) were primarily linked to anthropogenic sources. Finally, the results demonstrate that population aggregation will lead to the enrichment of HMs.