方法:沙特阿拉伯人常见的慢性健康问题是糖尿病(DM)。糖尿病最严重的并发症之一是糖尿病足(DMF)。
目的:本研究的目的是确定DMF患者中最常见的并发症。此外,我们对与DMF相关的慢性糖尿病并发症进行了人口统计学分析.
方法:该研究涉及100个在SolimanFakeeh医院吉达诊所就诊的DMF。报道了几种与DMF相关的慢性并发症,包括外周动脉疾病(PAD),冠状动脉疾病(CAD),视网膜病变,肾病,和神经病。我们检查了脚的溃疡,坏疽,截肢,骨畸形,Charcot关节,骨关节炎,化脓性关节炎,骨髓炎。通过使用B型超声和频谱多普勒成像,我们对胫骨后动脉和胫骨前动脉进行了成像。
结果:2型糖尿病(T2DM)控制不佳的人更容易患糖尿病足。最常见的足部并发症是足部溃疡(81%),足部截肢(31%),足坏疽(29%)(29/100),骨畸形(22%)(22/100),向内生长的脚趾甲(17%)(17/100),Charcot\'sfoot(10%)(10/100),和老茧(9%)(9/100)。大多数患者患有高血压,一半患有贫血。糖尿病周围神经病变影响了大约一半的患者,糖尿病肾病影响了三分之一,糖尿病性视网膜病变影响了14%。大约四分之一(25/100)的患者患有CAD,不到一半患有PAD。43%(43/100)的the/the下动脉存在动脉粥样硬化。百分之二十二(22/100)的前胫骨动脉和25%(25/100)的后胫骨动脉狭窄或闭塞。在21%(21/100)的胫前动脉中观察到双相模式,9%(9/100)的单相模式,3%(3/100)的非流动模式。23%(23/100)的胫后动脉显示双相多普勒模式,5%(5/100)显示单相模式,和6%(6/100)显示非流动模式。结论:糖尿病足常见于T2DM控制不佳的老年男性。最常见的足部并发症是截肢,坏疽,足部溃疡,骨畸形,向内生长的脚趾甲,Charcot\'sfoot,和老茧。大多数DMF患者贫血和高血压。糖尿病相关的微血管并发症,如糖尿病周围神经病变,肾病,和视网膜病变,以及大血管并发症,如冠状动脉疾病和外周动脉疾病,与DMF有关。
METHODS: A common chronic health problem among Saudi Arabians is diabetes mellitus (DM). One of the most serious complications of diabetes is diabetic foot (DMF).
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to identify the most common complications that develop among patients with DMF. In addition, we conducted a demographic analysis of chronic diabetic complications related to DMF.
METHODS: The study involved 100 DMF attending the Jeddah clinic of Dr Soliman Fakeeh Hospital. Several chronic complications associated with DMF were reported, including peripheral arterial disease (PAD), coronary artery disease (CAD), retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy. We examined the feet for ulcers, gangrene, amputations, bone deformities, Charcot joints, osteoarthritis, septic arthritis, and osteomyelitis. By using B-mode ultrasound and spectral Doppler imaging, we imaged the posterior tibial and anterior tibial arteries.
RESULTS: People with poorly controlled diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM) are more likely to develop diabetic feet. The most common foot complications were foot ulcers (81%), foot amputations (31%), foot gangrene (29%) (29/100), bone deformities (22%) (22/100), ingrown toenails (17%) (17/100), Charcot\'s foot (10%) (10/100), and calluses (9%) (9/100). The majority of the patients suffered from hypertension and half had anaemia. Diabetic peripheral neuropathy affected about half of the patients, diabetic nephropathy affected one-third, and diabetic retinopathy affected 14%. Approximately a quarter (25/100) of the patients had CAD and less than half had PAD. There was atherosclerosis in 43% (43/100) of popliteal/infra-popliteal arteries. Twenty-two percent (22/100) of the anterior tibial arteries and 25% (25/100) of the posterior tibial arteries were stenotic or occluded. A biphasic mode was observed in 21% (21/100) of anterior tibial arteries, a monophasic mode in 9% (9/100), and a non-flowing mode in 3% (3/100). Twenty-three percent (23/100) of the posterior tibial arteries displayed biphasic Doppler modes, 5% (5/100) displayed monophasic modes, and 6% (6/100) displayed non-flowing modes. Conclusion: Diabetes foot is common among older males with poorly controlled T2DM. The most common foot complications were amputations, gangrene, foot ulcers, bone deformities, ingrown toenails, Charcot\'s foot, and calluses. Most DMF patients were anemic and hypertensive. Diabetes-related microvascular complications, such as diabetic peripheral neuropathy, nephropathy, and retinopathy, as well as macrovascular complications, such as coronary artery disease and peripheral arterial disease, were associated with DMF.