背景:缺血/再灌注损伤是血管外科手术中最具挑战性的术后情况之一,无论是在选择性手术与长时间的钳夹和延迟的紧急情况下血管闭塞。缺血过程中发生的炎症反应和再灌注过程中增殖的氧自由基对大脑有有害影响,心,还有肾脏.在这项研究中,我们旨在比较香草酸和迷迭香酸在大鼠下肢缺血再灌注模型中预防缺血再灌注损伤的作用。
方法:将32只体重为185-240g的雌性Sprague-Dawley大鼠随机分为4组,每组8只。第1组被指定为对照组,第2组为缺血/再灌注(I/R),第3组为缺血/再灌注+香草酸(I/R+VA),第4组为缺血/再灌注+迷迭香酸(I/R+RA)。在除对照组之外的所有组中,肾下腹主动脉被夹住,缺血60分钟,再灌注120分钟。在第3组开始再灌注前15分钟,腹内给予香草酸,在第4组给予迷迭香酸。再灌注阶段结束时,收集血液样本和心脏,对大鼠实施安乐死。组织病理学,肌原纤维水肿,肌细胞溶解,局灶性出血,并检查心脏组织中多形核白细胞(PMNL)的浸润。总抗氧化能力(TAC),总氧化状态(TOS),氧化应激指数(OSI),8-OH-脱氧鸟苷,内酰胺酶,并测定血液样品中的芳基酯酶活性。
结果:肌原纤维性水肿在I/R组最为明显,在I/R+VA和I/R+RA组则不太明显(分别为p=0.005和p=0.066)。缺血/再灌注组之间的肌细胞溶解没有差异,局灶性出血,和PMNL入渗(p>0.99)。在所有群体中,对照组TOS和OSI最低,而TAC最高。TAC在I/R+VA和I/R+RA组中相似,但在这两组中明显高于I/R组。I/R+VA组的内酯酶活性与对照组相似,但显著高于I/R和I/R+RA组。
结论:我们的研究表明,香草酸和迷迭香酸可减少下肢缺血后心脏肌原纤维水肿并增加TAC。然而,香草酸增加内酯酶的活性,一种以抗氧化作用而闻名的酶,超过迷迭香酸。
BACKGROUND: Ischemia/reperfusion injury is one of the most challenging postoperative situations in vascular surgery, both in elective procedures with prolonged clamping time and in delayed emergency cases with vascular occlusion. The inflammatory response that develops during ischemia and the oxygen-free radicals that proliferate during reperfusion have detrimental effects on the brain, heart, and kidneys. In this study, we aimed to compare the effects of vanillic and rosmarinic acid in preventing ischemia/reperfusion injury in a lower limb ischemia-reperfusion model in rats.
METHODS: Thirty-two female Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 185-240 g were randomly divided into four groups of eight animals each. Group 1 was designated as the control, Group 2 as ischemia/reperfusion (I/R), Group 3 as ischemia/reperfusion + vanillic acid (I/R + VA), and Group 4 as ischemia/reperfusion + rosmarinic acid (I/R + RA). In all groups except the control, the infrarenal abdominal aorta was clamped, and 60 minutes of ischemia followed by 120 minutes of reperfusion was performed. Vanillic acid was administered intra-abdominally 15 minutes before the start of reperfusion in Group 3, and rosmarinic acid in Group 4. At the end of the reperfusion phase, blood samples and hearts were collected, and the rats were euthanized. Histopathologically, myofibrillar edema, myocytolysis, focal hemorrhages, and infiltration of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNL) in cardiac tissue were examined. Total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total oxidative status (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI), 8-OH-deoxyguanosine, lactonase, and arylesterase activity were measured in blood samples.
RESULTS: Myofibrillar edema was most pronounced in the I/R group and less pronounced in the I/R + VA and I/R + RA groups (p=0.005 and p=0.066, respectively). There was no difference between the ischemia/reperfusion groups regarding myocytolysis, focal hemorrhage, and PMNL infiltration (p>0.99). Among all groups, TOS and OSI were lowest in the control group, while TAC was highest. TAC was similar in the I/R + VA and I/R + RA groups but was significantly higher in these two groups than in the I/R group. The lactonase activity in the I/R + VA group was similar to that in the control group but was significantly higher compared to the I/R and I/R + RA groups.
CONCLUSIONS: Our study shows that vanillic and rosmarinic acids reduce myofibrillar edema in the heart after lower limb ischemia and increase TAC. However, vanillic acid increases the activity of lactonase, an enzyme known for its antioxidant effect, more than rosmarinic acid.