已经提出季节有助于动物的肠道微生物群的变化。两栖动物与肠道微生物群之间的复杂关系以及它们全年的变化需要更多的研究。两栖动物的短期和长期低温禁食可能会对肠道微生物群产生不同的影响;然而,这些变化还没有被探索。在这项研究中,Ranaamurensis和Ranadybowskii夏季肠道菌群的组成和特征,通过高通量Illumina测序研究了秋季(短期禁食)和冬季(长期禁食)。两种青蛙在夏季的肠道微生物群α多样性高于秋季和冬季,但是秋季和春季之间没有明显的变化。夏天,秋天,这两个物种的春季肠道微生物有所不同,秋季和冬季的微生物组也是如此。在夏天,秋天和冬天,这两个物种的肠道微生物群中的优势门是Firmicutes,变形杆菌,拟杆菌,和放线菌.所有动物都有10个OTU(>所有52只青蛙的90%)。这两个物种在冬季都有23只OTU(>所有28只青蛙的90%),占其相对丰度的47.49±3.84%和63.17±3.69%,分别。PICRUSt2分析表明,这两种Rana的肠道微生物群的主要功能集中在碳水化合物代谢上,全球和概览地图,聚糖生物合成代谢,膜运输,以及复制和修复,翻译。BugBase分析估计,在R.amurensis组的季节中,兼而有之_无氧,形式_生物膜,Gram_Negative,克_正,潜在的致病性差异显著。然而,R.dybowskii没有区别。这项研究将揭示两栖动物的肠道微生物群如何在冬眠期间适应环境变化,帮助保护濒临灭绝的两栖动物,尤其是那些冬眠的人,并通过阐明微生物区系在各种生理状态和环境条件下的作用来推进微生物区系研究。
Season has been suggested to contribute to variation in the gut microbiota of animals. The complicated relationships between amphibians and their gut microbiota and how they change throughout the year require more research. Short-term and long-term hypothermic fasting of amphibians may affect gut microbiota differently; however, these changes have not been explored. In this study, the composition and characteristics of the gut microbiota of Rana amurensis and Rana dybowskii during summer, autumn (short-term fasting) and winter (long-term fasting) were studied by high-throughput Illumina sequencing. Both frog species had higher gut microbiota alpha diversity in summer than autumn and winter, but no significant variations between autumn and spring. The summer, autumn, and spring gut microbiotas of both species differed, as did the autumn and winter microbiomes. In summer, autumn and winter, the dominant phyla in the gut microbiota of both species were Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Actinobacteria. All animals have 10 OTUs (>90% of all 52 frogs). Both species had 23 OTUs (>90% of all 28 frogs) in winter, accounting for 47.49 ± 3.84% and 63.17 ± 3.69% of their relative abundance, respectively. PICRUSt2 analysis showed that the predominant functions of the gut microbiota in these two Rana were focused on carbohydrate metabolism, Global and overview maps, Glycan biosynthesis metabolism, membrane transport, and replication and repair, translation. The BugBase analysis estimated that among the seasons in the R. amurensis group, Facultatively_Anaerobic, Forms_Biofilms, Gram_Negative, Gram_Positive, Potentially_Pathogenic were significantly different. However, there was no difference for R. dybowskii. The research will reveal how the gut microbiota of amphibians adapts to environmental changes during hibernation, aid in the conservation of endangered amphibians, particularly those that hibernate, and advance microbiota research by elucidating the role of microbiota under various physiological states and environmental conditions.