目标:斋月,对穆斯林来说意义重大的一个月,提出了独特的挑战,特别是在美国的背景下。本研究旨在探讨心理健康因素(抑郁,焦虑,和压力),睡眠质量,以及参与者在斋月期间的心理健康(主观幸福感和生活满意度)和性别。
方法:本研究招募了163名参与者(74%为女性,25.7%男性),平均年龄为36.8岁(SD=13.1),主要是中东血统。招募是通过传单在当地社区清真寺进行的,社交媒体,并通过当地宗教领袖进行宣传。数据收集发生在斋月的最后三周,利用包括抑郁焦虑和压力量表(DASS-21)在内的定性调查,主观幸福感量表(SHS),生活满意度量表(SWLS),匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)。采用SPSS28版对数据进行描述性统计和多元线性回归模型分析。
结果:研究表明,在斋月期间,心理健康和心理健康保持在正常水平,睡眠评分显示参与者存在显著的睡眠障碍.多元线性回归模型显示,主观幸福感,睡眠持续时间,总体PSQI评分是总样本压力的显著预测因子(F=9.816,p=0.001)。生活满意度是焦虑的唯一显著预测因素(F=7.258,p=0.001),和它,除了主观幸福,显著预测抑郁(F=12.317,p=0.001)。对于男人来说,仅凭主观幸福感就能预测压力,而生活满意度是焦虑和抑郁的预测因子(F=4.637,p=0.001)。在女性中,睡眠时间和药物使用与压力相关,但与焦虑无关.生活满意度和主观幸福感,然而,抑郁症的预测因子(F=6.380,p=0.001)。
结论:培养积极的情感状态可以作为一种保护机制,对抗与斋月伴随的睡眠模式改变和生活方式改变相关的潜在心理困扰。这项研究强调,斋月是增强幸福感和生活满意度的工具,从而降低压力水平,焦虑,和抑郁症。在像美国这样的非穆斯林占多数的情况下,有必要提供住宿,以防止潜在的心理困扰。
OBJECTIVE: Ramadan, a significant month for Muslims, presents unique challenges, particularly in the context of the USA. This study aimed to explore the relationship between mental health factors (depression, anxiety, and stress), sleep quality, and psychological well-being (subjective happiness and life satisfaction) during the month of
Ramadan among participants and by gender.
METHODS: This study enlisted 163 participants (74% female, 25.7% male), with an average age of 36.8 years (SD = 13.1), mostly of Middle Eastern descent. Recruitment was conducted via flyers at local community mosques, social media, and outreach through local religious leaders. Data collection took place in the last three weeks of
Ramadan, utilizing a Qualtrics survey that included the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21), the Subjective Happiness Scale (SHS), Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Data were analyzed by means of descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression models using SPSS version 28.
RESULTS: The study indicates that while mental health and psychological well-being remained within normal levels during
Ramadan, sleep scores indicated significant sleep disturbance among participants. Multiple linear regression models revealed that subjective happiness, sleep duration, and the global PSQI score were significant predictors of stress for the total sample (F = 9.816, p = 0.001). Life satisfaction was the only significant predictor of anxiety (F = 7.258, p = 0.001), and it, alongside subjective happiness, significantly predicted depression (F = 12.317, p = 0.001). For men, subjective happiness alone predicted stress, while life satisfaction was a predictor for both anxiety and depression (F = 4.637, p = 0.001). In women, sleep duration and medication usage were linked to stress but not anxiety. Life satisfaction and subjective happiness were, however, predictors of depression (F = 6.380, p = 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: Fostering positive affective states can serve as a protective mechanism against the potential psychological distress associated with altered sleep patterns and lifestyle changes that accompany Ramadan. This study highlights that
Ramadan is a tool for bolstering happiness and life satisfaction, thereby lowering levels of stress, anxiety, and depression. In non-Muslim majority contexts like the USA, there is a need for accommodations to safeguard against potential psychological distress.