RALA是小GTP酶Ras超家族的成员,并已被证明在促进大多数肿瘤的细胞增殖和迁移中发挥作用,并增加伊马替尼、顺铂等抗癌药物的耐药性。尽管许多文献对RALA的促癌机制进行了研究,缺乏相关的泛癌症分析。
本研究系统分析了RALA在泛癌症中的差异表达和突变,包括不同的组织和癌细胞系,并研究了RALA在各种癌症中的预后和免疫浸润。接下来,基于在泛癌症中与RALA共表达的基因,我们选择了241个相关性高的基因进行富集分析。就泛癌症而言,我们还分析了RALA的蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用途径以及小分子药物鸟苷-5'-二磷酸的应用。我们筛查了肝细胞癌(HCC)以进一步研究RALA。
结果表明RALA在大多数癌症中高表达。RALA与B细胞和巨噬细胞浸润显著相关,以及CD274、CTLA4、HAVCR2和LAG3等免疫检查点分子的表达,提示RALA可作为一种新的泛癌症免疫标志物。241个基因的主要功能是有丝分裂和蛋白质定位到核小体,与细胞周期有关。对于HCC,结果显示RALA与血管生成和细胞凋亡等细胞内常见信号通路呈正相关。
总之,RALA与多种肿瘤的临床预后及免疫浸润密切相关,RALA有望成为泛癌症的广谱分子免疫治疗靶点和预后标志物。
RALA is a member of the small GTPase Ras superfamily and has been shown to play a role in promoting cell proliferation and migration in most tumors, and increase the resistance of anticancer drugs such as imatinib and cisplatin. Although many literatures have studied the cancer-promoting mechanism of
RALA, there is a lack of relevant pan-cancer analysis.
This study systematically analyzed the differential expression and mutation of
RALA in pan-cancer, including different tissues and cancer cell lines, and studied the prognosis and immune infiltration associated with RALA in various cancers. Next, based on the genes co-expressed with RALA in pan-cancer, we selected 241 genes with high correlation for enrichment analysis. In terms of pan-cancer, we also analyzed the protein-protein interaction pathway of RALA and the application of small molecule drug Guanosine-5\'-Diphosphate. We screened hepatocellular cancer (HCC) to further study
RALA.
The results indicated that
RALA was highly expressed in most cancers. RALA was significantly correlated with the infiltration of B cells and macrophages, as well as the expression of immune checkpoint molecules such as CD274, CTLA4, HAVCR2 and LAG3, suggesting that RALA can be used as a kind of new pan-cancer immune marker. The main functions of 241 genes are mitosis and protein localization to nucleosome, which are related to cell cycle. For HCC, the results displayed that RALA was positively correlated with common intracellular signaling pathways such as angiogenesis and apoptosis.
In summary, RALA was closely related to the clinical prognosis and immune infiltration of various tumors, and RALA was expected to become a broad-spectrum molecular immune therapeutic target and prognostic marker for pan-cancer.