使用体外消化模型评估了从湘江收集的铜绿贝拉木中总砷(tAs)和砷种类的生物可及性,评估当地居民的潜在健康风险。腹足动物样品中的tAs浓度范围为1.98至6.33mgkg-1(平均3.79±1.60mgkg-1)。五种砷,包括亚砷酸盐[As(III)],砷酸盐[As(V)],二甲基arsinicacid(DMA),砷甜菜碱(AsB),并检测到砷胆碱(AsC)。无机砷(iAs)浓度,约占有机砷(oAs)的一半,高于最大允许限值(水产品中≤0.50mgkg-1)。发现消化液中tAs的生物可及浓度按以下顺序降低:肠相>胃相>唾液相。As(III)和AsC是主要物种,但并非所有消化液中都能检测到AsB。生物可接近的iAs浓度,接近生物可利用的oAs水平,三种消化液之间没有显着差异,但也高于0.50mgkg-1。因此,tAs的生物可及性在肠道阶段最高(48%),然后在胃期(40%),唾液相最低(33%)。As(III)的生物可及性接近100%,iAs的生物可及性远高于oAs。目标风险商(THQ)和生物可利用THQ的平均值分别为0.80和0.70。考虑到iAs生物可及性,经历非致癌作用的可能性从22%降至18%。致癌风险(CR)和生物可获得性CR的平均值高于可接受值(1×10-4)。从采样点食用腹足动物可能会导致潜在的致癌风险。
The bioaccessibility of total arsenic (tAs) and arsenic species in Bellamya aeruginosa collected from Xiangjiang River was evaluated using an in vitro digestion model, to assess the potential health risks to local residents. The tAs concentrations in gastropod samples ranged from 1.98 to 6.33 mg kg-1 (mean 3.79 ± 1.60 mg kg-1). Five arsenic species including arsenite [As(III)], arsenate [As(V)], dimethylarsinic acid (DMA), arsenobetaine (AsB), and arsenocholine (AsC) were detected. Inorganic arsenic (iAs) concentrations, which were about a half of organic arsenic (oAs), were higher than the maximum permissible limit (≤0.50 mg kg-1 in aquatic products). Bioaccessible concentrations of tAs in digestive juices were found to be decreased in the order: intestinal phase > gastric phase > salivary phase. As(III) and AsC were the predominant species, but AsB was not detectable in all digestive juices. Bioaccessible iAs concentrations, which were close to the level of bioaccessible oAs, were not significantly different among three digestive juices, but also above 0.50 mg kg-1. Accordingly, bioaccessibility of tAs was highest in intestinal phase (48%), then in gastric phase (40%), and lowest in salivary phase (33%). Bioaccessibility of As(III) was close to 100%, and bioaccessibility of iAs was much higher than that of oAs. The mean values of target hazard quotient (THQ) and bioaccessible THQ were 0.80 and 0.70, respectively. The probability of experiencing non-carcinogenic effects was reduced to 18% down from 22% as considering iAs bioaccessibility. The mean values of carcinogenic risk (CR) and bioaccessible CR were higher than the acceptable value (1 × 10-4). Gastropod consumption from sampling sites may cause a potential carcinogenic risk.